130 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE. 



moths are usually on the wing during the latter half of July, 

 when they pair, and in a few days the female begins to de- 

 posit her eggs for the later brood of larvse, generally selecting 

 for this purpose the later apples. These larvse mature during 

 the autumn or early winter months; if they escape before the 

 fruit is gathered, they seek some sheltered nook under the 

 loose bark of a tree or other convenient hiding-place ; but 

 if carried with the fruit into the cellar, they may often be 

 found about the barrels and bins in which it is stored ; a 

 favorite hiding-place is between the hoops and staves of the 

 apple-barrels, where they are found sometimes by hundreds. 

 If thus provided with snug winter-quarters, and through 

 negligence allowed to escape, the fruit-grower must expect to 

 suffer increased loss from his want of care. Having fixed on 

 a suitable spot, the larva spins its little tough cocoon, firmly 

 fastened to the place of attachment, and within this it re- 

 mains in the larval state until early the following spring, 

 when it changes to a brown chrysalis, and shortly afterwards 

 the moth appears, to begin the work of the opening season. 



Besides injuring the apple, it is very destructive to the pear ; 

 it is also found on the wild crab, and occasionally on the plum 

 and peach. Sometimes two larvse will be found in the same 

 fruit. 



Remedies. — One of the most effective methods yet devised 

 for reducing the numbers of this insect is to trap the larvse and 

 chrysalids and destroy them. This is best done by applying 

 bands around the trunks of the trees about six inches in width ; 

 strips of old sacking, carpet, cloth, or fabric of any kind will 

 serve the purpose, and, although not so durable, many use 

 common brown paper. Whatever material is used, it should 

 be wound entirely round the tree once or twice, and fastened 

 with a string or tack. Within such enclosures the larvae hide 

 and transform. The bands should be applied not later than 

 the 1st of June, and visited every eight or ten days until the 

 last of August, each time taken off and examined, and all 

 the worms and chrysalids found under them destroyed ; they 



