46 FRUIT INSECTS 



their light yellow, oval, roughened eggs singly in the opening 

 buds, and in a week or two the caterpillars appear. They fasten 

 together some of the expanding leaves, feed within and work 

 their way down into the center of the base of the open flower 

 and leaf buds and developing shoots, often causing them to break 

 off near the base. Thus the growth of the shoot is stopped, the 

 terminal leaves killed and the prospective crop of fruit destroyed. 



In about four weeks the caterpillars get their growth, crawl 

 into the ground an inch or two, transform in a delicate, white, 

 silken cocoon through tiny, l)rown pupae to the moths which 

 appear about the middle of July and lay eggs on the leaves for a 

 second but less destructive brood of caterpillars which work 

 in and kill the terminal leaves and buds on the new shoots. 

 Becoming full-grown late in August, the caterpillars transform 

 to pupae in the ground and hibernate in that stage. 



To control this fringed-wing apple bud-moth requires the 



most thorough work with a poison spray before the blossoms 



open, beginning just as soon as any green shows on the buds. 



Three applications of Paris green (1 pound in 100 gallons, with 3 



pounds lime) have given good results. Two thorough sprayings 



with arsenate of lead before blossoming would doubtless prove 



equally effective. 



Reference 



Mo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 42. 1898. 



The Apple Bud-worm 



Exartema fnalanum Fernald 



This insect first attracted attention as an apple pest in 

 northern Illinois in 1881, and has rarely been injurious since. 

 The young caterpillars or bud-worms hatching from eggs laid 

 singly on the terminal buds, are yellowish-white, tinged with 

 pink or green. They devour the buds, then forming sort of a 

 burrow by fastening a lower leaf -stalk to the branch ; they feed 



