APPLE INSECTS — BUDS AND FOLIAGE 105 



sticky rope bands, as described for the white-marked tussock- 

 moth. 



Reference 



. Cal. Affr. Exj). St a. l^iill. lS;i. 1907. 



The Antique Tussock-moth 



Notolophus antiqua Linmeus 



This common European pest has been more or less injurious 

 in America on shade trees and in orchards for nearly a century. 

 It is often seen in 

 Nova Scotia, the 

 New England states 

 and also occurs as 

 far westward as 

 Washington. The 

 caterpillars resemble 

 those of the white- 

 marked tussock- F^«- 115- - The antique tussock-moth, full-grown 



caterpillar. 



moth, but the head 



is black, and the first two tussocks or brushes of hairs on the 

 back are black on the young caterpillars, but become whitish 

 in later stages (Fig. 115) After the third stage there is also 

 an additional pencil of long, black, plume-tipped hairs pro- 

 jecting from each side of the second abdominal segment. 



In its life history this species differs ])ut little from that of 

 the white-marked tussock-moth. There is a single brood 

 annually in its northern range, the eggs hibernate, but there 

 is no covering on the egg-masses laid on the cocoons. In Eng- 

 land it is said that a few of the eggs hatch at a time over a period 

 of 10 weeks, but they seem to hatch uniformly in America. 

 The gru})-like, practically wingless female moths have blackish 

 l)odies covered with yellowish-white hairs. The males have 

 rust-brown colored wings, the front ones being crossed by two 



