APPLE INSECTS 183 



Bird's Apple Leaf-hopper 



Empoasca flavescens variety birdii Goding 



This leaf-hopper appeared in injurious numbers on apple 

 in Illinois about 1889, and also attacked hops, beans, weeds 

 and walnut trees. Adults were found from May until 

 after heavy frosts. They differ from Empoasca mali in often 

 being brighter yellow in color and in having not more than 3 

 white spots on the pronotum. Birdii is considered a color 

 variety of Fabricius' flavescens and is distinguished by a smoky 

 band which crosses the middle of the elytra. 



