PLUM INSECTS 261 



sometimes incrusted and a few trees have been killed by the 

 scale in this country. It also attacks the apple, pear, cherry 

 and prune, besides several shade trees. It spreads slowly in 

 orchards, and as there is apparently but one generation a year, 

 at least in northern regions, it will never be as dangerous or 

 destructive in orchards as the San Jose scale. 



Only partly grown scales live through the winter, and these 

 may reach maturity by the middle of June in New York. 

 Some state that the mother scale insect gives birth to living 

 young or is ovoviviparous, but we have seen eggs under the 

 scales, and Reh records finding both eggs and living young 

 under the scales in Europe, so the species may be partially 

 oviparous also. Young are born over a period of several 

 weeks and some of them often get on to the fruits, especially 

 apples. 



The lady-bird beetles, Microweisea misella and Chilocorus 

 bivulnerus, feed upon this scale and parasites also destroy large 

 numbers of them. 



The lime-sulfur wash and other winter applications rec- 

 ommended for the San Jose scale will doubtless effectually 

 control this European fruit-tree scale. 



Reference 

 U. S. Bur. Ent. Bull. 20, pp. 76-82. 1899. 



The European Fruit Lecanium 



Lecanium corni Bouche 



This large, brown, soft-bodied scale occurs on a large number 

 of deciduous trees in both this country and Europe. Its most 

 important hosts are the plum, peach, apricot, pear, apple, 

 quince, currant, blackberry, mulberry, osage-orange, pecan, 

 and among forest trees, elm, ash, bass wood, etc. It has re- 

 ceived a long list of scientific names, owing to slight variations 



