RASPBERBY, BLACKBEEBY AND DEWBERRY INSECTS 319 



York the second brood is probably only partial. The winter 

 is passed in the larval or pupal condition in tlu^ jj;round. 



A satisfactory 

 method of control- 

 ling this insect has 

 not been worked out, 

 but it would be worth 

 while to try to kill 

 the larvae in their 

 burrows by spraying 

 with ''Black Leaf 

 40" tobacco extract, 

 1 pint in 100 gallons 

 of water, to which a 

 little soap has been added, 2 pounds in 50 gallons. This 

 mixture has been found of value against a similar larva mining 

 the leaves of the European elm. 



Reference 

 Del. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 87, pp. 10-15. 1910. 



Fig. 277.- 

 miner, 



- Egg-blisters of the blackberry 

 one opened to show the egg (x6). 



leaf- 



The Raspberry Sawfly 

 Monophadnns rubi Harris 



In the Northern states and Canada from Iowa eastward the 

 larva of this sawfly often causes serious injury to the raspberry 

 and also attacks the blackberry and dewberry to a slight extent. 

 The adult is a black, thick-bodied, four-winged fly about \ inch 

 in length ; the female has a broad, yellowish-white band across 

 the abdomen. The flies appear in May, and the female deposits 

 her eggs singly between the two layers of the leaf near a prom- 

 inent vein. They are placed in position through a small 

 incision in the lower epidermis of the leaf made by the saw-like 

 ovipositor of the insect. When first laid, the egg is white, long, oval 



