400 



FRUIT INSECTS 



They become nearly full-grown by November, descend to a 

 depth of about a foot and there spend the winter curled up in 

 an oval earthen cell. The full-grown grubs (Fig. 345) resemble 

 the common white grub of the June-beetle in form and general 

 appearance, but are only about f inch in lengtli. In the spring 

 they come nearer the surface again and may resume feeding 

 for a short time. 



About the last of May or the first of June in New York most 



of the grubs transform to 

 pupae in earthen cells three 

 to six inches from the surface. 

 The pupa (Fig. 346) is about 

 f inch in length, yellowish- 

 brown in color and has the 

 remains of the larval skin ad- 

 hering to the posterior end of 

 the body. The pupal stage 

 lasts from three to four weeks. 

 Means of control. 

 In sandy regions the rose 

 chafer has been found one of 

 the most stubborn vineyard 

 pests to control. Handpick- 

 ing and other mechanical 

 methods of destroying the 

 beetles have often been re- 

 sorted to, but are too expen- 

 sive and laborious for use in 

 vineyards of any size. Vari- 

 ous repellent substances have been tried and have proved of 

 Httle value for the protection of the crop. Attempts to poison 

 the beetles with arsenical sprays have been generally un- 

 successful because the beetles disHke the poison and avoid 

 the sprayed fohage; they swallow only a small quantity of 



Fig. 



344. — Rose chafers feeding 

 on newly set grapes. 



