GRAPE INSECTS 417 



color, marked with four rows of l)Iac'k spots visible from above; ; 

 the body is clotluMl with rather long, bristly hairs. The cater- 

 l)illars attain tlieir growth in about forty days, descend to the 

 ground, where they spin a tough white oval cocoon within which 

 pupation soon takes place. Some of the pupae may give rise to 

 a second brood of moths in about two weeks, while the remainder 

 do not transform until the following spring. In the latitude 

 of Virginia there are one full and a partial second generation 

 annually. 



When infesting a few vines in the garden, it is an easy matter 

 to destroy, by hand, the conspicuous colonies of caterpillars. In 

 larger vineyards they may be poisoned with arsenate of lead 

 or Paris green at the usual strength. 



Reference 

 U. S. Bur. Ent. Bull. 68, Pt. VIII. 1909. 



The Grape-vine Sawfly 



Erythraspides pygmcea Say 



Groups of greenish-yellow, black-spotted sawfly larvae are 

 sometimes found on the leaves of the vine, feeding in rows Uke 

 the caterpillars of the grape-leaf skeletonizer described above. 

 They eat the whole tissue of the leaf, however, beginning at the 

 edge and working toward the center. The adults are four- 

 winged flies about J of an inch in length, black, with the thorax 

 reddish above. The female deposits her eggs in small clusters 

 on the under side of the terminal leaves. The larvse feed in 

 colonies, and as soon as one leaf is devoured, attack the next one 

 below. The mature larva is a little over i inch in length, green- 

 ish-yellow in color, with the head and tip of the body black ; 

 each segment has two transverse rows of black spots. When 

 mature the larvse enter the ground a short distance, where pupa- 



