GRAPE INSECTS 



423 



enough to be a serious pest in commercial 

 vineyards. They become full-grown the last 

 of June or early in July and transform to 

 peculiarly shaped green or brownish pupa?. 

 The pupa is attached obliquely to a leal 

 or stem by the posterior end ; it bears on 

 the middle of the dorsal surface a large 

 angulate projection. The moths emerge 

 in about a week. It is not known whether 

 there is a second brood or not, and whether 

 the insect hibernates in the egg or adult 

 stage. 



No l)etter remedy for this insect than 

 hand-picking the caterpillars has been sug- fig. 364. — Tip of 

 gested. In commercial vinevards where ^^^p®, ^^?^* webbed 



, ,11 . X- *i 1 -x 1 together by a grape 



such methods are impracticable, it does piume-moth caterpil- 

 little or no harm. ^'''- Herrick photo. 



Reference 

 Lintner, 12th Rept. N. Y. State Ent., pp. 218-222. 1897. 



The Grape-cane Borer 



Schistocerus hamatus Fabricius (Arnphicerus bicaudatus Say) 



The smaller shoots of the grape are often tunneled out and 

 killed in the spring by a cyhndrical dark brown beetle about f 

 of an inch in length. This beetle also attacks the apple, peach, 

 pear and other fruit-trees, as well as certain ornamental shrubs 

 and forest trees. It is also known as the apple-twig borer. 

 While widely distributed throughout the United States and 

 Canada east of the Rocky Mountains, it has been most trouble- 

 some to the grape in the Upper Mississippi Valley, in Iowa, 

 Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska. 



The grubs have been found burrowing in dying canes of the 



