LEPIDOPTERA. 341 



dots on each of the rings, a brownish liead, and the top of the 

 first and of the last rings blackish. It grew to the length of 

 about one inch and a quarter, turned to a chrysalis on the 

 nineteenth of August, and came out a moth on the twenty- 

 fourth of September. The moth closely resembles the Gorlyna 

 flavago of Europe, but is sufficiently distinct from it. It may 

 be called Gortyna Icucoalig-fna, the white-spot Goriyna. The 

 fore wings are tawny yellow, sprinkled with purple-brown dots, 

 and with two broad bands and the outer hind margin purple- 

 brown ; there is a distinct tawny yellow spot on the tip, fol- 

 lowed by a row of faint yellowish crescents between the 

 brown band and margin ; the ordinary spots are yellow, mar- 

 gined with brown, and there is a third oval spot of a white 

 color near the round spot. The hind wings are pale buff or 

 yellowish white, with a central spot, and a band behind it, of 

 a brownish color. The head is brown ; the thorax is tawny 

 yellow, with a brown tuft ; and the edges of the collar, and of 

 the shoulder-covers are brown. The wings ex])and rather 

 more than one inch and a half. I have what appear to be 

 varieties of this moth, expanding one inch and three eighths, 

 with three or four white dots around the kidney-spot, and the 

 ordinary round spot wholly white. 



Numerous complaints have been made of the ravages of 

 cut-worms among corn, wheat, grass, and other vegetables, in 

 various parts of the country. After a tiresome search through 

 many of our agricultural publications, I have become con- 

 vinced that these insects and their history are not yet known 

 to some of the very persons who are said to have suffered 

 from their depredations. Various cut-worms, or more properly 

 subterranean caterpillars, wire-worms or luli, and grub-worms, 

 or the young of May-beetles, are often confounded together or 

 mistaken for each other; sometimes their names are inter- 

 changed, and sometimes the same name is given to each and 

 all of these different animals. Hence the remedies that are 

 successful in some instances are entirely useless in others. 

 The name of cut-worm seems originally to have been given 

 to certain caterpillars that live in the ground about the roots 

 of plants, but come up in the night, and cut off and devour 



