350 INSECTS INJURIOUS TO VEGETATION. 



livid or brownish and shining above, with a chestnut-colored 

 head, and a horny spot of the same color on the top of the 

 first and last rings. A few minute dots, producing very short 

 inconspicuous hairs, were regularly disposed upon his body. 

 This caterpillar changed to a chrysalis in the ground, and was 

 transformed to a moth on the first of July. The moth very 

 often enters houses in the evening, during the months of July 

 and August, and, in its restrained flight, keeps bobbing against 

 the ceiling and walls. When it alights, it sits with its wings 

 sloping in the form of a steep roof. It is easily distinguished 

 by its Spanish brown upper wings, marked with a large pale 

 kidney-spot, and a broad wavy blue-gray band near the end. 

 Its eyes when living shine like coals of fire. It has been 

 described by mistake as a British species, under the name of 

 Hadena arnica, or the barred arches-moth. The wings of this 

 moth expand an inch and three quarters, or more, and are 

 proportionally broader than those of the cut-worm moths. 

 The general color of the fore wings, as already stated, is deep 

 Spanish brown, variegated with gray. The small ordinary 

 oval spot is marked by a gray border. The kidney-spot is 

 large, gray, and very conspicuous. There is a broad wavy 

 band of a pearl-gray or blue-gray color near the outer hind 

 margin, and a narrow wavy band between the oval spot and 

 shoulder. The hind wings are pale ash-colored, shaded behind 

 with brown, having a pale border, and a distinct central black- 

 ish spot beneath. The head and thorax are dark brown; the 

 collar and tips of the shoulder-covers are edged with rust-red; 

 and the hind body is ash-colored or pale brown, with a row of 

 four rust-red txifts upon it. This common moth belongs to 

 the same group or family as the following species, though 

 differing therefrom in its caterpillar state. 



There is another naked caterpillar which is often found to 

 be injurious to cabbages, cauliflowers, spinach, beets, and other 

 garden vegetables with succulent leaves. It does not conceal 

 itself in the ground, but lives exposed on the leaves of the 

 plants which it devours. When disturbed, it coils its body 

 spirally. It is of a light yellow color, with three broad, longi- 

 tudinal, black stripes, one on each side and the third on the 



