LEPIDOPTERA. 387 



than small and weak ones. When the moth-worms have 

 established themselves in a hive, their presence is made known 

 to us by the little fragments of wax and the black grains scat- 

 tered by them over the lloor. Means should then be taken, 

 without delay, to dislodge the depredators and invigorate the 

 swarm. These are so fully described in Dr. Thacher's " Trea- 

 tise on the Management of Bees," and in other works on the 

 same subject, that I shall limit myself to a few remarks, and 

 refer the reader for further particulars to these works. Kcillar 

 states that there is but one sure method of clearing bee-hives of 

 the moth, and this is to look for and destroy the caterpillars or 

 moth-worms and the chrysalids; and he advises that the hives 

 should be examined, for this purpose, once a week, and that 

 all the webs and cocoons, with the insects in them, should be 

 taken out and destroyed. At all events, the examination 

 ought to be made every year, early in September, when the 

 cocoons will be found in greater numbers than at any other 

 time, and should be carefully removed and burned. The 

 winged moths are very fond of sweets; and if shallow vessels, 

 containing a mixture of honey or sugar, with vinegar and 

 water, are placed near the bee-house in the evening, the moths 

 will get into them and be drowned. In this way great num- 

 bers may be caught every night. Several kinds of hives and 

 bee-houses have been contrived and recommended, for the 

 purpose of keeping out the bee-moth ; but it does not appear 

 that any of them entirely supersede the necessity for the 

 measures above recommended. 



The various kinds of destructive moths, found in houses, 

 stores, barns, granaries, and mills, are mostly very small in- 

 sects; the largest of them, when arrived at maturity, expand- 

 ing their wings only about eight tenths of an inch. The 

 ravages of some of these little creatures are too well known 

 to need a particular description. Among them may be men- 

 tioned the clothes-moth {Tinea vesitaneUa), the tapestry or 

 carpet-moth ( T. tapetzella), the fur-moth {T. pcllionella), the 

 hair-moth (T. Crinella), and the grain-moth {T. granella), with 

 some others belonging to a group, which may be called 

 Tineans (Tinead^) ; also the pack-moth {Anacampsis sarci- 



