LEPIDOPTERA. 391 



eggs come to their growth and finish their transformations in 

 six weeks or two months; the others live through the winter, 

 and turn to winged moths in the following spring. The young 

 moth-worms do not burrow into the grain, as has been asserted 

 by some writers, who seem to have confounded them with the 

 Angoumois grain-worms; but, as soon as they are hatched, 

 they begin to gnaw the grain and cover themselves with the 

 fragments, which they line with a silken web. As they in- 

 crease in size they fasten together several grains with their 

 webs, so as to make a larger cavity, wherein they live. After 

 a while, becoming uneasy in their confined habitations, they 

 come out, and wander over the grain, spinning their threads as 

 they go, till they have found a suitable place wherein to make 

 their cocoons. Thus, wheat, rye, barley, and oats, all of which 

 they attack, will be found full of lumps of grains cemented 

 together by these corn-worms, as they are sometimes called; 

 and when they are very numerous, the whole surface of the 

 grain in the bin will be covered with a thick crust of webs and 

 of adhering grains. These destructive corn-worms are really 

 soft and naked caterpillars, of a cylindrical shape, tapering a 

 little at each end, and are provided with sixteen legs, the first 

 three pairs of which are conical and jointed, and the others 

 fleshy and wart-like. When fully grown, they measure four 

 or five tenths of an inch in length, and are of a light ochre or 

 buff color, with a reddish head. When about six weeks old, 

 they leave the grain, and get into cracks, or around the sides 

 of corn-bins, and each one then makes itself a little oval pod 

 or cocoon, about as large as a grain of wheat. The insects of 

 the first brood, as before said, come out of their cocoons, in 

 the winged form, in July and August, and lay their eggs for 

 another brood ; the others remain unchanged in their cocoons, 

 through the winter, and take the chrysalis form in March or 

 April following. Three weeks afterwards, the shining brown 

 chrysalis forces itself part way out of the cocoon, by the help 

 of some little sharp points on its tail, and bursts open at the 

 other end, so as to allow the moth therein confined to come 

 forth. 



From various statements, deficient however in exactness, 



