IDENTIFICATION OF INSECTS INJURIOUS TO CROPS 89 



(bb) Adults are beetles. 



1. Long-horned or cerambycid beetles. 



(i) Large fleshy legless grubs making broad shallow tunnels in 

 sapwood of sugar-maples, often killing limbs. Adult beetle 

 brilliantly marked with yellow and black. — Sugar Maple 

 Borer {Plagionotiis speciosus), p. 323. 



(2) A whitish hairy grub making a central burrow plugged with 

 sawdust, and cutting off twigs of maple or oak. — Tivig Primer 

 (Elaphidion villosum), p. 323. 



(3) White flattened legless grubs working under the bark of elm; 

 adult a gray beetle with red lines and black spots. — Elm Borer 

 (Saperda tridentata), p. 321. 



(4) White legless grubs making large irregular channels in sap- 

 wood and inner bark of poplar; large blackened swollen scars 

 on the surface of the trunk and limbs of affected trees. — 

 Poplar Borer {Saperda calcarata) tunnels in poplar producing 

 rough discolored scars on the trunk. Saperda Candida bores 

 into hawthorn, mountain ash, and fruit trees, and Saperda 

 veslita into basswood. 



(s) Club-shaped grubs, making irregular ugly scars opening 

 into burrows in black locust. Adult beetle is dull black 

 brightly marked with golden yellow, and feeds on golden rod 

 blossoms. — Locust Borer (Cyllene robinice), p. 321, 



2. Metallic wood borers or Buprestid beetles. 



(i) Large headed flattened legless grubs making shallow tunnels. — 

 Flat-headed Borer (Chrysobothris femorata), p. 300. 



(2) A flattened whitish grub with a large flattened head, making 

 irregular spiral burrows in the inner bark of birch. — Bronze 

 Birch Borer {Agrilus anxhis), p, 301. 



{aaa) Sucking the juices from twigs or leaves. 

 ib) On the leaves. 



1. Producing terminal galls on white and Norway spruce; branch 

 scraggly deformed. — Spruce Gall Aphis {Chermes similis), p. 150. 



2. Producing galls on white and Norway spruce, not terminal, pine- 

 apple shaped. — Spruce Gall Aphis (Chermes abietis), p. 149. 



3. Snow-white woolly plant-lice on leaves of larch. — Larch Woolly 

 Aphis {Chermes strobilobius). 



[bb) On the bark. 



1. Clusters of woolly aphis on elm. — Woolly Aphis of Elm {Schizoneura 

 americana), p. 145. 



2. Reddish woolly bordered bark-lice on under surface of elm leaves. — 

 Elm Bark-louse (Gossyparia spuria), p. 130. 



3. Cottony masses attached to brown scales on under side of twigs 

 of soft maple, elms, etc. — Cottony Maple Scale {Pulvinaria vilis), 

 p. 130. 



