90 ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 



4. Hemispherical reddish scales mottled with black lines on under 

 side of branches of maples. — Terrapin Scale (Lecanium nigrofas- 

 cialum), p. 129. 



5. Flocculent white masses upon greenbark of cultivated white pine. — 

 Pine Bark Aphis (Chermes pinicorticis), p. 150. 



6. Twigs of balsam twisted and leaves curled by plant-lice. — Balsam 

 Twig Aphis {Mindarits abietinus). 



XVIII. INSECTS INJURIOUS TO GREENHOUSE PLANTS 



(a) Minute active white four-winged flies living on the under side of leaves, 

 sucking the juices; young are oval, flat and greenish. — White Fly (Aleyrodes vapor- 

 ariorum), p. 151. 



(6) Small soft mealy-covered bugs, with eggs enclosed in cottony sacks. — Mealy 

 Bugs (Pseudococcus spp.), p. 131. 



(c) Oval, flat or saddle-shaped scales, on leaves of lemons, ferns, oleanders, 

 crotons, etc. — Soft Scale (Lecanium hemisphericum), p. 134. 



{d) Round scales on leaves and twigs of ivy, date palms, etc. — Hard Scale 

 {Aspidiotus spp.), p. 134. 



(e) White scales on leaves of Boston fern, aspidistra, etc., causing spotting and 

 browning. — Aspidistra Scale {Hemichionaspis aspidistrcB), p. 135. 



(/) Green plant-lice, often infesting violets and sucking the juices from the 

 leaves, checking the growth. — Green Aphis (Myzus persicce), p. 144. 



(g) Black plant-lice sucking the juices of chrysanthemums. — Black Aphis (Macro- 

 siphum sanborni), p. 149. 



(A) Red mites, spinning fine webs on under surface of leaves and sucking the 

 juices rendering the leaves sickly yellow.— i?e^ Spider (Tetranychus bimaculatus). 



(i) A small maggot, causing the edges of violet leaves to curl and turn yellow. — 

 Violet Gall-fly (Diplosis violicola). 



(j) A small greenish-white and striped caterpillar, eating lower epidermis of 

 chrysanthemums, cinerarias, roses, carnations, etc., and tying the leaves together. — 

 Greenhouse Leaf-tyer (Phlyctcenia ferrugalis), p. 210. 



(k) Maggots feeding in flower and leaf buds of greenhouse roses, causing them to 

 brown, blacken and die. — Rose Midge (Dasyneura rhodophaga), p. 248. 



(/) Flesh-colored legless grubs attacking roots of cyclamen, gloxinia, primula. — 

 Cyclameti Borer {Otiorhynchus sidcatus), p. 336. 



XIX. INSECTS AFFECTING DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



(Consult Insects Affecting Domestic Animals by Osborn, Bull. 5, U. S. Div. Ent.) 



A. Sheep 



(a) Maggots in nostrils and in nasal sinuses, causing catarrh and staggers; 

 deposited by a two-winged fly in June and July. — Sheep Bot-fly (CEstrus ovis). 



(b) Wool falls off in patches and large scabs form on body with much itching due 

 to a mite. — Sheep Scab {Psoroples communis), p. 366. 



