Io6 ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 



(Mantis religiosa Linn.) was found in New York State, and in 1914 

 in Ontario. 



The adult forms are elongated, with large grasping forelegs, long 

 prothorax and a small transverse head. The eggs are laid in shingled 

 masses on twigs, coated with a hard gummy substance. 



ORDER PHASMOroEA (WALKING-STICKS) 

 Family PHASMID^E 



This Family is represented by the common Walking-stick insect 

 {Diapheromera Jemorata, Say), a peculiar creature with long slender body 

 and legs. The outer wings are either wanting or very short. 



Life-history. — The eggs are dropped singly in autumn from the shrubs 

 and rest on the ground all winter among the leaves, hatching in early 

 summer. The nymphs feed upon leaves, and reach maturity in late 

 summer and early fall, when they resemble the twigs upon which they 

 rest. Occasionally this insect becomes injurious on hazel and beech. 



ORDER DERMAPTERA = EUPLEXOPTERA (EARWIGS) 



European Earwig (Forficula auriculari a Linn.). — This insect is held 

 in check in Europe by parasites and other natural agencies but the 

 practical absence of these checks allows it to multiply rapidly in 

 America wherever it has been introduced. At Newport, R. L, it is a 

 serious pest of Lima-beans, dahlias, early roses, chrysanthemums, 

 clovers, grasses, etc. 



The adult females hibernate in the soil, and the white eggs are laid 

 in the soil. The nymphs are night feeders. They are white at first 

 but gradually darken in color to a steel grey — 4 instars. Adults ap- 

 pear about the middle of July. They are rich reddish brown with 

 yellow brown wing-covers and legs; about ^^ inch long. The forceps 

 is nearly straight in the female, but curved in the male. 



Control. — Use poison bait before July ist and spray plants with 

 arsenate of lead; collect by traps. 



Labia minor Linn., also an adventive earwig from Europe, is widely 

 distributed in U. S. and Canada. Not of economic importance. 



