CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF COMMON INSECTS 1 25 



Adults. — Female scale oyster-shell shaped, narrow, }8~}io inch long, 

 brownish-black; male scale smaller and ovate. 



Eggs. — Yellowish-white, laid in September-October under the 

 female scale (50-60). Destroyed by a mite Hemisarcoptes malus. 



Nymphs. — The eggs hatch in late May or early June, or shortly 

 after the apple blossoms fall, into active 6-legged pale yellowish larvae, 

 the females moulting twice and the males once. The exuviae are 

 yellowish. 



Parasites. — Parasitized by Aphelinus, Mytilaspidis, Anaphes, and 

 Chiloneurus and preyed upon by lady-birds, mites and birds. 



Fig. 77. — Female San Jose scale, mature female insect removed from beneath it. 

 Greatly enlarged. {After Alwood.) 



Scurfy Scale {Chionaspis furfur a Fitch). — ^A native insect, occur- 

 ring on pear, apple, gooseberry, and black currant. 



Adult. — ^Scales white; female scale ovate, 2-3 mm. long, male 

 scale smaller (i mm.) and 3-ridged with parallel sides (Fig. 80). 



Eggs. — Purplish-colored; laid in the early fall and found under the 

 female scale in winter. 



Nymphs. — These hatch about the middle of June and the female 

 larvae moult twice. The male has one moult. As in the case of the 

 Oyster Shell Scale there is but one brood a season in the North and two 

 in the South. 



Parasites. — Parasitized by Ablerus clisiocampcB How., a chalcid 

 and preyed upon by Tyroglyphus malus and Chilocorus bivulnerus. 



