CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF COMMON INSECTS 1 29 



year. Infested canes may become covered as if white-washed. Para- 

 site: Aphelimis diaspidis How., a chalcid. 



Control.— {1) Trim out all badly infested canes before spring; (2) 

 spray with whale-oil soap (i lb, to i gal. water) or lime-sulphur in 

 early spring. 



Soft Scales (Cogging) 



Plum Scale, or EuropeanFruitLecanium {Lecanium corni Bouche). — 

 This scale, also called the New York Plum Scale, is sometimes abundant 

 in plum orchards. It occurs also on peach, apricot, pear, quince, 

 currant, blackberry, ash, elm, etc. 



Adult. — Female scales conspicuous brown objects, "like small 

 halved peas," adhering to branches and twigs. Full grown in June. 

 Male scales much smaller, flatter, more elongate, and of a whitish 

 color; male insect dehcate, with two whitish wings; emerges in May 

 from scale. 



Eggs. — Deposited under the scale in early June; white; hatch in 

 about a month. 



Nymphs. — Emerge from beneath the mother scale and crawl to 

 the leaves in July; secrete much honey-dew. About the end of August 

 or in September they begin to migrate from the leaves to the twigs 

 and branches where they hibernate. In early spring (April) they begin 

 feeding again and grow rapidly, maturing in June. 



Parasite. — Coniys fiisca. 



Control. — Spray with a miscible oil (i to 15) before buds burst; 

 spray about July ist with Black leaf 40 and soap. 



Terrapin Scale {Lecanium nigrofasciatum Perg.).- — (Consult Bull. 

 351, Bur. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agr., and Circ. 88.) Attacks shade trees, 

 such as maple, basswood and birch, and orchard trees, such as apple, 

 plum and peach. A native insect. 



Adidt. — Female nearly hemispherical, reddish, 1-7 inches long, 

 mottled with radiating streaks of black conspicuous about the margin. 

 The presence of a double mid-dorsal row of 25-40 low subconical append- 

 ages appearing Hke pores, extending from near the anal lobes to nearly 

 above the sucking mouth-parts is quite characteristic. Adult of male 

 a minute, delicate 2-winged insect with rose-red body marked with 

 dark and with heavy brown thoracic band, appearing early in August; 



