164 ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 



with probably four or five generations each year. Adults winter in 

 sheltered situations; eggs laid in early spring and first nymphs appear 

 in May. Broods not well distinguished, and insects to be seen from 

 spring until fall. 



Control. — No effective remedy; spraying with nicotine sulphate, 

 kerosene-soap emulsions and fish-oil soap is fairly satisfactory if ap- 

 plied in early morning. 



False Tarnished Plant Bug {Lygus communis Knight). — (Consult 

 Can. Ent. 48, 10 and Bull. 8, Nova Scotia.) A serious pest in pear 

 orchards in New York State, causing knotty deformed and gritty fruit. 

 Plum and quince are also injured. The Var. nova scotiensis injures 

 apple. 



Adult. — Pale green to light brown; 3^^ inch long; two black rays on 

 disk of pronotum; membrane of upper wing with three brown spots 

 near tip of areole; legs and antennae long. Most commonly breeds on 

 Cornus spp. 



Eggs. — Smooth and cylindrical, elongated, 0.8 mm. long; yellowish- 

 white, translucent. Inserted in the bark of small branches July- Aug. ; 

 hibernate, hatching during blossoming time. 



Nymphs.— 'PsAe. yellow at first, becoming greenish; feeding on the 

 leaves; five stages, maturing about middle to end of June. They 

 puncture the young fruits, often several punctures on one fruit, causing 

 the fruit to fall or depressions and deformities in apples and grittiness 

 in pears. Leaves, stems and blossoms are freely attacked. Dura- 

 tion about 32 days. Carrier of European Canker and Fire Blight 

 (Brittain). 



Control. — -I. Spraying with Black Leaf 40 (i part to 1000 water) 

 just after the petals fall. 



2. Banding the trunks to prevent the bugs from crawling up. 



3. Cultivation of soil up to July to keep down all plant growths. 

 The Var. nova scotiensis (Green Apple Bug) occurs abundantly 



as an apple pest in Nova Scotia. It is more slender and much paler 

 than the typical communis. 



Lygus invitus Say, according to Knight, breeds only on elm, and is 

 not responsible for injuries to pear and apple. 



A very common capsid of meadows is Miris dolobratus L., a form 

 long and narrow, ^^ inch long; greenish, yellow with black markings; 

 two black stripes extending from the eyes over the thorax. 



