194 ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 



Pupa. — Invested in a white gauzy silken cocoon spun on any con- 

 venient object; one to three weeks. Winters as a chrysahs. 



Life-history. — Probably two broods a year in Canada and north- 

 ern States. 



Celery Looper {Autographa simplex Guen.). — (Consult Bull, t^t,, 

 Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Ag.) Slightly larger than the preceding 

 species. 



Adult. — A "miller" moth with fore wings marked with grey and 

 seal brown, silver mark hooked; wings expanded 2 inches; borders not 

 scalloped. 



£gg. —Milky- white, flattened, globular; upper half grooved verti- 

 cally. 



Larva. — ^A pale yellowish-green looping caterpillar; markings 

 similar to those on A. brassiccB; supra-spiracular spots black. 



Pupa. — Resembles that of A. brassicce.- — (Consult Bull. t,T), Div. 

 Ent., U. S. Dept. Ag.). 



Alfalfa Looper {Autographa calif ornica Speyer). — Widely distributed 

 over Western North America from Alaska and the Yukon south through 

 B. C, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba to California, Nevada, Utah, 

 Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana. Larvae destructive to the leaves and 

 blossoms of alfalfa, clover, garden peas, cabbage, etc. 



Adult. — A brownish-grey moth, 13^^ inches wing expanse; fore wings 

 light bluish-grey with rose and light markings — one shaped like the 

 letter Gamma near the middle; hind wings dull brown. An active 

 flier. 



Eggs. — Hemispherical, rounded at base, apex with rounded depres- 

 sions; finely creased vertically; pale yellow. Duration 5-7 days. 

 Probably laid on the leaves. 



Larva. — One and one-fourth inches long, dark green, cylindrical 

 tapering toward the head; subdorsal line fine and wavy; two other lines 

 in this area and a wide whitish stigmatal band. Tubercles white, setae 

 white. Spiracles pale, black rimmed. Thoracic feet black, shiny. 

 Three pairs of pro-legs on segments 9, 10, 13. 



Pupa.—Dsivk brown, % inch long. The cocoon is a thinly woven 

 web of whitish silk spun among the leaves. Duration 10-14 days. 

 Hibernates as pupa and adult. Probably two broods in B. C. and 

 Washington. 



