CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF COMMON INSECTS 209 



Control. — Remove old hay and if infested burn it; raise stack above 

 ground a few feet on old rails, etc. Salt bottom of stack. 



Grape Leaf Folder (Desmia funeralis Hhn.). — Occurs on wild and 

 cultivated grapes, and is widely distributed over the United States 

 and Canada. Causes injury by skeletonizing the upper surface of 

 leaves, while protected under their folds. 



Adult. — Wings expanded, %o inch, dark brown and bordered with 

 white. Fore wings with two oval white spots; hind wings of male with 

 one spot, of female spot divided. Body black, crossed by two white 

 bands in female, one in male. Antennae of male knotted near the 

 middle. Two broods; May and July-August. 



Eggs. — Minute, elliptical; laid singly on under side of leaf. Dura- 

 tion 8-10 days. 



Larva. — One inch long when full grown; widest in middle; yellowish- 

 green on sides; head and prothoracic shield light brown; sides of first 

 two thoracic segments with light brown spots; six instars. Duration 

 about 4 weeks. First brood matures in July, second in Sept.-October. 



Pupa. — Formed usually on the ground among fallen leaves. Dark 

 brown; tapering posteriorly. Hibernates. 



Parasites. — Apanteles, Meteor us, Mesochorus, Exorista, Tachino- 

 phyto and others. 



Control. — Spray with arsenate of lead shortly after blossoms have 

 fallen. 



Purple-backed Cabbage Worm {Evergestis rimosalis Guen.). — Injuri- 

 ous in the Maritime Provinces and Southern States to turnips and 

 cabbages. 



Adult. — Small, wing-expanse % inch; fore wings pale satiny- 

 yellow with a heart-shaped discal spot, two transverse wavy lines 

 across middle of wings, a less distinct line near base and another near 

 tip; hind wings silvery- white with a clear black margin. June and 

 Oct.-Nov. 



Eggs. — Bright yellow; laid in masses of 20-40 on under surface of 

 leaf; hatch in a week. 



Larva. — Three-fourth inch long; bristly, slender, tapering to each 

 end; back purplish; head, anal plate and two spots on second segment 

 black. July and Sept. -Oct. Full grown in 2 to 3 weeks. 



Pupa. — Winters as a chrysalis. Two broods in a season, the last 

 brood being the more injurious. Probably three broods in the South. 



