2l8 ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 



Eggs. — Oval, dull-red; ^^5 inch long; laid singly on stems of plant; 

 hatch in 1-2 weeks. 



Larva. — Whitish, stout, i inch long; matures in 4 weeks; tunnels 

 in the main stem. Hibernates in the north in a cocoon in the ground. 



Pupa. — Formed in tough silken cocoons in ground, in spring in 

 North; pupa dark brown with a horn on head and hook-like spines on 

 abdomen; % inch long. 



Blackberry Crown Borer {Bemhecia marginata Harris).— Occurs from 

 Canada to New Mexico. 



Adult. — A clear-winged moth, ij^ inches wing expanse; fore wings 

 with a transverse band on outer third; abdomen black, with four 

 bright yellow cross bands; last segment of female yellow, of male 

 black mixed with yellow. Aug.-Sept. 



Eggs. — Oval, reddish-brown, He inch long; laid singly on under 

 side of leaves, about 140 by each female. 



Larva. — At first white with a brownish head, hibernating under 

 bits of bark or just below surface of ground. In spring bores into 

 root girdling it; hibernating again in its burrow; in second spring bores 

 upward, and becomes full grown in July. 



Pupa. — Reddish brown, ^ inch long, 25-30 days; formed in burrow 

 near surface of cane. Empty pupal skin usually protrudes from open- 

 ing when moth emerges. 



Control. — Remove infested canes during spring and fall when 

 thinning and pruning, and burn them. 



ToRTRiciNA Group 

 Eucosmidae 



Apple Leaf Sewer {Ancylis nubeculana Clemens). — (Consult N. Y. 

 State Mus. Bull. 124; Bull. 435, U. S. Dept. of Agr.) Generally 

 distributed over the Northern States and Canada. 



Adult. — A small white tortricid moth with brown markings; wing 

 expanse ^ inch. May- June. 



Eggs. — ^Laid in June on under side of leaf; flat, oval-shaped, flanged, 

 minute, yellow; hatch in 8 days. 



Larva. — One-half inch long; yellowish-green; head yellow; thoracic 

 shield darker with a black dot on each side; each body segment with 

 pale tubercles bearing a single hair. Hibernates in folded leaves on 



