220 



ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 



light silky brownish-yellow, darker toward the fringed margin. 

 Flies at night, about 1-2 weeks after the petals fall. Sometimes 

 emerges as late as July ist in northern districts. 



Eggs. — A minute tliin scale-like white object, I25 inch in diameter, 

 at first transparent but later with a blackish streak. Each female 

 deposits 60 to 75 eggs, mainly on the leaves i to 3 weeks after the 

 blossoms fall; hatch in 5-10 days, or from 3 to 4 weeks after petals 

 fall; 60 to 80 per cent, of larvae enter the young fruit at the calyx end. 



Larva. — At first whitish with distinct black tubercles on the body 

 and black head ; later the tubercles less distinct. When full grown larva 



Fig. 135. — Larvse and ptipae of the codling moth in the bark. 



is f 4 inch long, whitish or pinkish, head dark brown, tubercles indistinct, 

 thoracic and anal shields light brown. Matures in 3-4 weeks. Winters 

 as a larva within a white, tough, silken cocoon (Figs. 134 and 135). 



Pupa. — Pale brown; ^2 inch long, back armed with transverse rows 

 of minute spines; within a cocoon; duration of spring pupae about 21 

 days, of summer pups about 15 days (July 3oth-August 14th in 

 Maine). 



Life-history. — Winters as a full grown lar^•a within a cocoon on the 

 trunk, under bark, etc.; about the time of apple blossoming the larva 

 transforms to a pupa, and the moth emerges 15 to 22 days later. The 

 eggs are laid singly on the leaves, stems, and even fruit, where they 

 hatch in 7 to 10 days. The young larva feeds for a short time on the 

 leaves, but finds its way to the fruit which it enters usually at the calyx 

 end. It then makes its way to the core. When full grown in 3 to 4 



