CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF COMMON INSECTS 23 1 



holes in the leaves and spin much silk. About the end of July they go 

 into hibernation resuming feeding in the spring and pupating in July. 

 The natural means of control are hymenopterous parasites, birds, and 

 sudden climatic changes in early spring. 



Lesser Apple Leaf Roller (Peronea minuta Rob.). — Sometimes inju- 

 rious in Eastern nurseries, causing the leaves to become folded and 

 brown; also a pest of cranberry bogs. 



Adult. — Small, ^^ inch wmg expanse; fore wings of summer brood 

 bright orange colored; of the autumn brood slaty-grey. Two or three 

 brooded. Hibernates. 



Eggs. — Minute, disk-hke, yellow; laid on unfolding leaves. 



Larva. — Feeds within a folded leaf for 3 to 4 weeks. Broods work 

 in May, July and September. 



Pupa. — Small, 3>i inch long, brown; head with a knob-like projection; 

 within a silken web or cocoon. Duration 7 to 10 days. 



Spruce Bud Worm {Harmologa Jumifcrana Clem.). — (Consult Bull. 

 210, Maine Ag. Exp. St. and Hewitt's Reports.) A destructive pest 

 of spruces in Northern United States, Eastern Canada, Manitoba 

 and Vancouver. 



Adult. Fore wings brown, varied with short dark brown striae; 

 hmd wings dark fuscous. July. 



Eggs. — Pale green, scale-like, flat; laid in patches overlapping each 

 other. Hatch in about 10 days. 



Larva. — When young pale green with a yellowish tint; head dark 

 brown, thoracic shield amber with two dots on posterior margin; hairs 

 half as long as thickness of body 3^^ i^ich long. Just before last moult 

 uniformly rust-red brown, and head and shield black. Full grown 

 larva with thick stout body tapering from middle to end; head not 

 quite so wide as body, and dark brown. 



Feeds on needles of terminal shoots, often separating them at base 

 and spinnmg a silk thread about them and the bud scales. Hibernates 

 among the terminal shoots, becoming full grown the following June- 

 July. 



Pupa. — Thick; thorax swollen; pale brown color striped with brown; 

 antennae and legs dull tan color. 



Parasites. — Winthemia fumiferance, Pimpla Inquisitor and P. con- 

 quisitor, Meteorus trachynotus, Conoblasta fumiferancB, Mesochorus 

 diversicolor, Epiurus innominatus. 



