CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF COMMON INSECTS 3OI 



Control. — Application of alkaline washes, of soap, washing soda and 

 crude carbolic acid in May and June; wire netting as a protector; 

 clean culture; digging out the borers. 



Red-necked Blackberry Borer {Agrilus ruficollis Fab.). Adult. — 

 Wing-covers velvety brownish-black; head small, wide, dark, bronze; 

 front with a deep median furrow; pro thorax bright coppery-red; under 

 side black; %o ^i^ch long. June-July Native. 



Eggs. — ^Laid in July on young canes. 



Larva. — Thread-like, pale yellowish; anterior segment enlarged 

 and flattened; head small, brown, jaws black; tip of abdomen with 

 two slender dark-brown horns, each with three blunt teeth on inner 

 edge; ^fo inch long. 



Makes spiral tunnels in sap-wood, often causing a swollen appear- 

 ance called the gouty gall. Winters as full-grown larva in the burrow. 



Pupa. — Formed in May. 



Bronze Birch Borer {Agrilus anxius Gory).— (Consult Bull. 18, Div. 

 Ent., U. S. Dept. Ag.) B^rk of infested birch trees riddled with holes; 

 wood showing a labyrinth of burrows made by the larvae, the bark 

 showing a number of ridges and the top the characteristic "stag-head." 



Adult. — Olive-brown, 3^^ to ^2 inch long; last ventral segment 

 oval at tip; hind angles of thorax carinate. May-June. Emergence- 

 holes semicircular. 



Eggs. — ^Laid in crevices of the bark. Hatch in June. 



Larva. — ^Creamy- white, ^4 inch long; mouth-parts dark; tip armed 

 with a pair of linear, serrate chitinous bars; head flattened. Winters 

 in an immature state, becoming full-grown in April or early Ma}'. 



Pupa. — White, V2 i^^ch long, tapering to tip of abdomen. 



Control. — Remove and burn tree before middle of June; at least cut 

 well below dead portion. Pruning useless unless it is extensive, 

 for when the top dies usually most of the tree is affected. 



Two-lined Chestnut Borer {Agrilus hilineatus Oliv.). — Destructive 

 to oaks in the N. W. States. The eggs are laid in the spring on the 

 bark, and the grubs burrow beneath the bark in the growing layer, 

 often girdling the tree. 



SCARAB^IDiE (SCARABiEIDS) 



Groups: 



A. Abdominal spiracles situated on the membrane; upper surface of head 

 usually dilated. — Scavengers, or Dung-eating and Skin Beetles. 



