33° 



ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 



Eggs. — Oval, white; laid in cavities made by the snout of the beetle; 

 protected in the hole by a crescent-shaped slit. Hatch in 4-6 days. 

 Deposition occurs mostly in June but continues through July and 

 August. 



Larva. — Whitish footless grub, mature in about 15 days; it then 

 bores out of the fruit and enters the ground where it forms an earthen 

 cell and remains for 2 weeks before pupation. Infested fruit 

 drops prematurely (except cherries). 



Pupa. — White; formed in a small cell 1-2 inches below the surface; 

 duration about 10 days; first adults emerge about 10 weeks after the 

 apple blossoms. 



Fig. 212. — Plum curculio: a, larva; b, adult; c, pupa. {Chillenden, Cir. 73, Br. 



ofEnt., U.S. D. A.) 



Life-history. — Insect hibernates as a beetle under rubbish, etc., 

 and emerges early to feed on buds, etc.; eggs deposited in young fruit; 

 larvae tunnel in the fruit for about 20 days, then enter the ground to 

 pupate; pupa stage lasts about 10 days; adults emerge to puncture 

 the ripening fruit, and hibernation begins about first frosts. Larvae only 

 in fruit that has fallen. Punctures produce gnarling of fruit. The 

 beetles that emerge during the summer deposit no eggs. 



Control. — Spray thoroughly with arsenate of lead (3 to 40 gal.) 

 as leaf buds are opening, and again before and after the blossoming pe- 

 riod in the case of the apple. In the case of plum and cherry the 

 applications should be made after the blossoms fall. Practice clean 

 cultivation and remove rubbish. 



Apple Curculio (Anthonomus quadrigibbus Say). — (Consult Bull. 

 98, 111. Agr. Expt. Stn.; Cir. 120, Bureau of Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



