98 



:mem()iks of the national academy of sciences. 



pliitc rounded at tho cud. Tlie median dorsal tubercles / / on the ninth segment in process of 

 fusion; the two tuliercles are separate, though arising from a eoumion base. l)ut miiuite and each 

 bearing a seta. 



Pupa. — Body moderate!}' stout; the head overhanging the mouth-region and base of the 

 antenniv; tlie maxilhe taken together forming a nearly equilateral triangle, being very nuieh 

 .shorter than in Eaclesand Citheronia; cremaster long, deeply forked: surface spino.se; two rows 

 of spines on the abdominal segments, the sutures between which are deep and wide; the surface 

 less rugose than in Adelocephala. There seem to be no generic characters, in the pupa, to sepa- 

 rate this genus from Adelocephala, either in the shape of the body, the niaxilla% the cremaster, 

 or the armature in general. See also description of the pupa of Eacles. 



Creographical dlxfrlhufion. — The majority of the species inhabit the United States and { anada 

 east of the one hundredth degree of longitude: i' occur in ]\Iexico. It is doubtful whether the 

 genus occurs in South America. (Fig. Vl.) 



SynonyiJiical histary of the genus. — Under Anisota Huebner mentions A. peUucida., stigma, 

 and senatorioj. He assigns the genus to a position far removed from the others of its group, 

 between Malacosoma (Clisiocampa) and Streblota. Dryocampa is an exact synonym. 



Phylogeny. — Judging by the stripes alone A. ■wiiatoria should, perhaps, be regarded as the 

 more primitive form. In this species the dark stripes or lines are developed in stage III, and 

 persist to the end of larval life, where thej' become the most characteristic style of marking. In 

 A. ruMcunda, on the contrary, the lines become wholl_y or partially obsolete in the last stage. 

 In A. stigma the dark lines in stage II are very marked, l)ut they are partiality discarded in 

 stage III. In A. virginiensis they are already partly blended in stage II. 



It is evident, however, that the armature is preferably to be depended on to give us a clew to 

 the phylogen}' of the genus, which has evidenth' diverged from Adelocampa, with its comple- 

 ment of large spines along the entire body. A. stigma., with its longer spines, may be regarded 

 as the most primitive species of the genus. 



The following diagram will serve to express the relationship as well as the phylogeny of the 

 species of Anisota. 



Puh/cvncla. 

 Senatoria, 



/In 7 6 o/'a . 



'4 de/o c e ph a fa. . 



FiB. l:i. .\ffinilii-s mid phylogc-ny of tli« 



;i»(*cies of Anisota. 



A^riSOaW S'riGlMA (F-tUji-ioins). 

 (PL XX, fig^-. 4-9.) 



Bniiiliii.i- ntUjmii Fabkicius, Sp. Ins., II. ]). 

 17ti, 40. :Mant. Ins., II, 112, 48. .Syst. 

 Ent, III, 1 p., .563, no. 2.5, 1775. 



I'liah-ena stif/tixt Smith-Abbot, N. H. Lep. 

 Ins. Georgia, p. 111. Tab. .56. (1797.) 



AiilxiilK stitjma Huebner, Verzeichniss 

 Schmni., p. 193. 1818-1822.— Geyer, 

 Foi-t.s. Hiibner, Samnil. exot. Schmni., 

 III. PI. 26, figs. l-A. 1837. 



Dnjocampa atigma H.^RRis, Rep. Inj. Ins., 

 Mass., p. 292. 1841. Treatise ins. inj. 

 veg., 3d edit., p. 406. 1862.— AVai-ker, 

 Cat. Lep. Hep. Brit. Mn8.,VI, p. 1496, 

 No. 11. 18.55.— Fitch, Fifth Rep. Xox. 

 Ins., New York, p. 46. 18.59. — Morris, 

 Synopsis Lep. N. Amer., p. 231. 1862. 

 I'ACKARi), Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., Ill, p. 385. 



Aniiola stUjnm (iiiOTK, Proc. Ent. Soi-. Phil., Ill, p. 93. ,Innc, 1864. 

 Nov., 1864. 



Adelocephala Mygma Boisd., Aiinales Soc. Ent. Belgi(iui', XA', p. 86. 1872. 



Anisota stigma Packard, oth Rep. U. S. Ent. Comm., insects inj. forest trees, p. 125. 1890.— Kirbv, Syn. Cat, 

 Lep. Het., I, p. 7.39. 1892.— Neumoegex and Dyer, Journ. N. York Ent. Soc, II, p. 147. Dec, 1894.- 

 BEiiTE.vMtJLLER, Cat. liombycine moths, N. York, p. 439. PI. xx, tig. 4 $ . 1898. 



