HYMENOPTERA — SAW-FLIES, ETC. 



177 



is very sluggish) cuts slits in the leaves with her saw-like ovipositor, 

 and lays her eggs in the slits. These hatch out in about two or 

 three weeks' time, feed on the leaves of last year's terminal shoots 

 (at this stage they often eat about half of the leaves — see fig. 165), 

 and pupate in July. A portion of those larvae hatch out in August, 

 and thus we get a second brood from a portion, while others remain in 

 tlie pupal stage (fig. 16G) until the following spring. The larva3 



Fis- 1(35. — Foliage of 

 Scots pine eaten by 

 larvK of pine saw-fly. 

 Injvry done by first 

 brood of tlir season. 



Fig. 166.— 7'»y«? case of 

 Lophyrus jiini {pine 

 saw-fly). 



Fig. 167. — Foliage of Scots 

 pine eaten by larva; of 

 pine saw -fly. Injury 

 done by second bi-ood of 

 the season. 



issuing from the second brood eat the foliage of the current year (see 

 hg. 167). 



In Northumberland the first male of the second brood ap- 

 peared on September 1, 1904, and the females about a week 

 later. 



As this is a very troublesome pest, it follows that some specific 

 remedies ought to be given. Keep the young woods in very good 

 health, and encourage all birds which would open and pick the pup?e 

 from their cases. 



The larva; might be collected by chipping oflf infested shoots 

 and letting them fall into paraffin. The cocoons might also be 

 collected, as far as practicable. For the perfect insects smeared 

 traps might be laid against the young trees in April. It should 



