250 FOREST ENTOMOLOGY. 



leaves, more especially on the younger leaves, which have been form- 

 ing throughout the summer season. The pupae are long whitish 

 objects, pointed at both ends, and encased within a very beautiful 

 white cocoon. About the beginning of August, or after about ten 

 days to a fortnight in the pupal stage, the moths appear. This brood 

 deposits eggs in the same Avay as the moths of the second brood 

 which appeared in spring. The larvae feed as before, on the newly 

 formed leaves. They are full fed about the middle or latter end of 

 October, when the caterpillars let themselves down by a slender 

 silken rope to the ground, where they pupate, and appear as perfect 

 insects about the latter end of April or beginning of May. About 

 the. latter end of October the tiny larvae may be seen on a sunny day 

 dangling from the laburnum bush. They may be collected and put 

 in a small box, as this species hatches very well in confinement. 



References to Literature consulted. 



Carpenter, G. H. Various jjapers on the Injurious Insects of Ireland. 



CoUinge, W. E. Reports on the Injurious Insects observed in the ^lidland 

 Counties. 



Kaltenbach, J. H. Die Pflanzeufeinde aus der Klasse der Insekten. 



Kollar, V. A Treatise on Insects injurious to Gardeners, Foresters, and 

 Farmers. 



Aleyrick, Ed. A Handbook of British Lepidoptera. 



Newman, Ed. Natural History of British Butterflies and Moths. 



Ormerod, E. 0. Manual of Injurious Insects. 2nd edition. 



Stainton, H. T. A Manual of British Butterflies and Moths. 



Theobald, F. V. Various papers on Economic Entomology. 



Wilkinson, 8. J. The British Tortrices. 



