CICADID.E. 



311 



that any marked damage was done to tlie leaves of apple, plum, and 

 damson ; then all stages of the insect could be found at once, and 

 the life-cycle easily followed. How many generations occur in the 

 year could not be decided, but apparently more than two. The 

 adult may be told by its beautifully marked anterior wings, with six 

 bright-orange and vermilion spots on a milky-white ground, and with 

 a large dusky network at the apex. 'I'hey are subject to variation in 

 regard to the markings. 



"Their length varies from 3 to 3'9 mm. IJoth nymphs and adults 

 feed mainly on the under side of the leaves, but by no means always. 



" They are not very active, and can easily be taken at rest on a 





Fig. 2S0.— Typlilocvba iilmi. (Di-awn bv 

 ' P. J. Brown.) 



•'ig. 2ii0.— Tyi)lilncvli.i ulmi. 

 (Drawn by 1'. J. IJniwn.) 



dull day. When disturbed they take a leap from the leaf, and then 

 use their wings, often flying a couple of feet away. 



" Egg-laying seems a laborious task. By means of the saw-like 

 structure the female cuts a slit into the under epidermis, and places 

 one or more eggs just beneath it. A very minute and faint oblong 

 spot marks where they have been laid. 



" The ova are very delicate, white, and oblong-oval in form, some- 

 what curved on one side, and blunt at each end. When nearly ready 

 to hatch they may be seen with a strong lens under the epidermis, 

 their position being plainly marked by the dark eye -spots of the 

 embryos. Length 0"04 mm. 



