INSECTS OF BIRCH AND BLACKBERRY. 47 



Lyman triidse. 



Basychira pudibunda Linnaeus, ^Lymantria monacha LinnBeus, ^Porthetria dispar Linnseus, Porlhesia 

 similis Fuessly, forest defoliators; Europe. (See Forests.) 



Sesiidse. 



Sesia spheciformis Grng.; Europe; bores in trunk. 

 SesiascoUxformif! BoTckh.; Sweden; bores in trunk. 



TortricidiB. 



:ifi.Peroneaferrugana Treitsehke; Europe, North America; attacks foliage. 



Notodontidae. 



Phalera bucephala Liuneeus; Europe. (See Forests.) 



HYMENOPTERA. 

 Cimbicidis. 



Cimbex variabilis Elg., a saw fly; Europe; feeds on foliage. 

 Trichiosoma lucorum Linnaeus; Europe; defoliates. 



Tenthredinidae. 



Nematus (Croesus) septcntrionalis Lionseus; Europe; defoliates. 

 PriophoTUs padi Limia?us; Europe (see Plum). 



Xlphydridae. 



Xiphydrya proJonqata Linnaeus, wood wasp; Europe; bores in the wood. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



SORAUER, P. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, 3rd edit., 1913, vol. 3. 

 NUssuN, O. Leitfaden der Forstinsektenkunde, 2nd edit., 1913. 

 Bargagu, p. Rassegna Biologica Rineofori Europei, 18S3-1S87. 

 TKiOiRDH, I. Sveriges Skogsiusekter, 1914. 

 LrNDlNGER, L. Die SchUdliiuse (Coccida?), 1912. 



BLACKBERRY; RASPBERRY; LOGANBERRY. 



{Rubus spp. Family Rosacese.) 



A large genus of shi'ubs bearing many different kinds of delicious email fruit?, 

 natives of America, Europe, and Asia. 



IMPORTANT BLACKBERRY INSECTS. 



COLEOPTERA. 

 Byturidse. 



Byturus toinciUosus Fabricius; Europe; larva feeds in fruit of raspberries and blackberries. 



Bracbyrhinidse. 



Brachyrhinus tevcbricosus Herbst; Europe; larvae attack roots, adults attack foliage. 



Curculionidse. 



Rhinaria pcrdix Pascoe; Australia. 



Hypera variabilis Herbst; Europe; raspberry. (See Clover.) 



Anlhnnomus rubi Herbst; Europe; larva at roots, adult attacks foliage. 



LEPIDOPTERA. 

 Tortricidae. 



N.iloceUa roboranij Treitsehke; Europe. (See Currant.) 



Sesiidee. 



Bembecia hylseiformis Lasp.; Europe; bores canes. 



Lasiocampidae. 



Macrothylacia rubi Lianaeus; Europe; defoliator. 



HYMENOPTERA. 

 Tenthredlnldse. 



Entodecta pumila Klug, a sawfly; Europe; mines in leaves. 

 Cephididse. 



Janus fumipennis Ever.; Europe; mines in stems. 



