INSECTS OF CONIFERS (pINe). 71 



Description mid biology: Adult moth with wing spread 10-12 mm., forewings dark 

 gray or gray brown, with two obscure light gray transverse fasciae, and six pairs of 

 black flecks. Larva reddish brown with black head and thoracic shield. The larva 

 bores in buds, needles, and young shoots. 



Distribution: Germany. 

 NiJssLiN, Otto. Leitfaden der Forstinsektenkunde, 2d ed., 1913, p. 430, fig. 365. 



Cnethocampa pintvora Treitschke; Cnethocampa pityocampa Schiflermiller. 



(Pine Procession Moths. Cnethocampidse; liepidoptera.) 



Hosts: Pines. 



Injury: Defoliate; sometimes serious. 



Description and biology: Moth of pinivora with forewings yellowish gray, liind 

 wings with a sharply toothed crossline. Moth of pityocampa with forewings whitish 

 gray; hind wings with a scarcely toothed crossline. Larva ol pinivora greenish gray, 

 with velvety black dorsal stripe and black head, and with reddish yellow warts on 

 the fourth to eleventh segments. Larva of pityocampa similar but slate blue to black. 

 The larvse feed on the foliage and live gregariously, wandering in the daytime in pro- 

 cessions of a single or double row. Pupate in cocoons in the ground. The larvse of 

 pityocampa hibernate in nests in the crowns. 



Distribution: Europe. 

 SoRAUER, P. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiteu, 3d ed., 1913, vol. 3, p. 386. 

 Hess, Kichard. Der Forstschutz, 1900, vol. 2, pp. 452-455. 

 NxJssLiN, Otto. Leitfaden der Forstinsektenkunde, 2d ed., 1913. 



Dendrolimus plni Linnaeus. 



(Pine Spinner. Lasiocampidse; Lepidoptera.) 



Hosts: Pine. 



Injury: Very serious defoliator. 



Description and biology: Moth variable in color, from brown red to slate gray, uni- 

 colorous or mottled; middle of forewings with white crescent. Larva 8 cm. long, 

 ■with steel-blue stripes on meso- and metathorax, general color varying from reddish 

 to slaty gray; pubescence very long and clustered. The larva feeds on the foliage 

 and spins a neat oval silken cocoon. 



Distribution: Euro pe . 



Sorauer, p. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiteu, 3d ed., 1913, vol. 3, p. 376. 



NiJssLiN, Otto. Leitfaden der Forstinsektenkunde, 2d ed., 1913, pp. 331-342, figs. 



284, 285. 



Panolis griseovarlegata Goeze. 



(Pine Noctuid. Noctuidse; Lepidoptera.) 



Hosts: Pine. 



Injury: Attacks foliage, buds, and tender shoots. 



Description and biology: Moth with forewings variegated cinnamon red and yellowish 

 gray with white marks; hind wings brownish black. Larva green, with three broad 

 white dorsal stripes, a yellowish orange lateral stripe, head sMning yellowish, 35 mm. 

 long. Eggs greenish, laid in a row on the underside of needles. 



Distribution: Europe. 

 Sorauer, P, Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, 3d ed., 1913, vol. 3, p. 357. 

 NtJssLiN, Otto. Leitfaden der Forstinsektenkunde, 2d ed., 1913, pp. 378-380, 



figs. 308, 309. 



