122 A MANUAL OF DANGEEOUS INSECTS. 



GRAINS AND GRASSES. 



(Family Gramineee.) 



Under this heading are treated the insects attacking the grains and grasses, except 

 corn, sorghum, and sugar cane, which are treated separately. This section relates 

 especially to barley (Hordeum vulgare Linnaeus), millet (Panicum spp.), oats (Avena 

 sativa Linnaeus), rye (Secale cereale Linnaeus), timothy {Phlewn pratense Linnaeus), 

 and wheat, emmer, and spelt {Triticum sativum Lam.). Descriptions of these various 

 crops are given in their proper alphabetic order. 



A. BETTER KNOWN GRAIN INSECTS LIKELY TO BE IMPORTED. 



Lema cyanella Linnaeus; Lema melanopus Linnaeus. 

 (Grain Leaf Beetles. Chrysomelidae ; Coleoptera.) 



Hosts: Grasses, grains, especially oats. 



Injury: Feed on the leaves, stem and seed. Causes millions of dollars damage in 

 some years. 



Biology: Eggs shining yellow laid in rows of 10-20 near the mid vein, and 40-50 

 on a leaf. The larvae feed on the leaves. L. cyanella pupates in a cocoon on the 

 plant; L. melanopus pupates in the ground. The adults also feed on the foliage. 



Distribution: Europe, Southwest Asia. Serious only in South Europe. 

 SoRAUER, p. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, 3d ed., 1913, vol. 3, p. 509. 



^Fharaxonotha kirschi Keitt. 



(Mexican Grain Beetle. Cryptophagidae; Coleoptera.) 



Hosts: Corn, yams. 



Injury: Larvae and beetles destructive to stored corn and other products. 



Description: Small, shining, deep brown beetles, about three-sixteenth inch long. 

 Larva elongate gray, each segment darker at middle with darker spaces each side 

 bearing rather well-developed tubercles. 



Distribution: Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, Texas, and South Carolina. 

 Chittenden., F. H. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Entom., Bui. 96, pp. 8-13, fig. 1, 1911. 



>kLophocateres (Ostoma) pusUIus Klug. 



(Siamese Grain Beetle. Trogositidae; Coleoptera.) 



Hosts: Com, rice, seeds of eggplant and gourd, rye, flour. 



Injury: Larvae and beetles destructive to stored corn and other seeds. 



Description: Flat, brown, with thorax prolonged into acute angles at sides, anten- 

 nae clubbed at ends, minute. Larva white with blackish head and last segment 

 elongate. 



Distribution: Liberia, Siam, Ceylon, Java, India, Cochin China, Peru, Guatemala, 

 France, South Carolina, Texas. 

 Chittenden, F. H. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Entom.. Bui. 96, pp. 14-18, fig. 2. 1911. 



it^Latheticus oryzae Waterh. 



(Long-Headed Flour Beetle. Tenebrionidae ; Coleoptera.) 



Hosts: Wlieat, corn, barley, rice. 



Injury: Larva and beetle injure stored grain and flour. 



Description: Pale yellow, somewhat flattened beetle; the slenderest of the flour 

 beetles, measuring one-eighth inch. 



Distribution: India, Arabia, Persia, Norway, England, Russia, Texas. 

 Chittenden, F. H. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Entom., Bui. 96, pp. 25-28, fig. 5. 1911. 



