180 A MANUAL OF DANGEROUS INSECTS. 



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Hyponoineutidx. 



^Hyponomeuta malincllus Zeller and *//• padellus Linnfrus; Europe; introduced in I'nited States; 



cherry. (See Apple.) 

 ^Argyrcsthia conjugella Zeller; Europe, British Columbia, Japan; attacks fruit of cherry and plum. 



(Sec Apple.) 



HYMENOPTERA. 

 Tenthredlnidae. 



Pamphilius flaviventris Retz.; Europe. (See Pear.) 

 Hoplocampa rutilicornis Panzer, sawtly; mines in fruit; Europe. 



DIPTERA. 

 Trypetldae. 



Ceratitis capUata Wiedemami, attacks fruit of Prunus cerasus. (See Fruit.) 

 Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann, attacks Japanese plum. (See Fruit.) 

 Anastrephaludens 'Loew.; Mexico. (See Fruit.) 



POMEGRANATE. 



(Punica granatum. Family Lythracefe.) 



A fruit-bearing tree of Asia, extensively cultivated throughout the world. Propa- 

 gated by cuttings and seed. 



IMPORTANT POMEGRANATE INSECTS. 



LEPIDOPTERA. 

 Lycaenldae. 



Virachola insocrates Fahricius; India; bores in fruit. (See Fruit.) 



Virachola livia Klug, the pomegranate butterfly; Egypt; larva? attacks fruit (Gough, L. H.: The 

 Agric. Journ. Egypt, vol. 3, 1914, p. 105, pi. 8, figs. 5-7.) 



Pyralidae. 



Cryptoblabes gnidiella Miller; Egypt; breeds in fruit (Gough, 1. c, p. 104). 



POPLAB; ASPEN; COTTONWOOD. 



{Populus spp. Family Salicaceee.) 

 Soft- wooded trees of the Northern Hemisphere, often used in landscape gardening. 



A. BETTER KNOWN POPLAR INSECTS LIKELY TO BE IMPORTED. 



Saperda spp. 

 (Poplar Borers. Cerambycidse; Coleoptera.) 



Species: S. carcharias Linnaeus, poplar borer; Europe; poplar, willow, aspen. S. 

 populnea Linnaeus, aspen borer; Europe, Siberia, United States Pacific coast; aspen, 

 poplar, willow. 5. scalaris Linnaeus; Europe; aspen, walnut, cherry, apple, beech. 



Injury: The first two are very injiu-ious species. 



Biology: The egg is laid in the bark and the larva first bores in the bark but later 

 goes into the wood. It pupates in the larval tunnel. 



SoRAUER, P. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, 3d ed., 1913, vol. 3, pp. 505, 506. 



Trochllium spp. 



(Hornet Moths. Sesiidae; Lepidoptera.) 



Species: T. api/ormis Clerck; Europe; poplar {Populus nigra, P. canadensis); aspen 

 (Populus tremula L.); ash. T. amnatiseforme; India; Populus euphratica. 



Injury: Bore in wood. 



Description and biology: Moths clear winged, wasplike in appearance. Larva bores 

 in wood. Pupates in cell of frass near exterior. 



SoRAUER, P. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, 3d ed., 1913, vol. 3, p. 327. 

 NussLiN, Otto. Leitfaden der Forstinsectenkunde, 2d ed., 1913, pp. 317, 318, fig. 



269, a. 

 Stebbing, E. p. Manual Forest Zoology India, 1908, pp. 124, 125, fig. 255. 



