100 



ORDER HEMIPTERA 



of the bark, with slightly crescent-shaped scars, and eggs 

 are arranged in parallel rows, causing damage to the trees. 

 The young hatch in the spring and early summer and as 

 hatched they are quite grotesque. The body is shaped 

 something like that of an adult, but along the dorsal line there 

 is a series of sharp spines, the divisions of the body are fairly 

 well marked and the divisions of the abdomen are distinct. 



Fig. 57.- — Ceresa bubalus. Twig of apple showing: a, female at work; 

 b, recent egg puncture; c, bark reversed with eggs in position, slightly 

 enlarged; d, single row of eggs still more enlarged; e, wounds of two or 

 three years' standing on older limbs. (After Marlatt.) 



There is no such expansion of the prothorax as in the adult. 

 They moult several times and with the aquisition of the wings 

 the pronotum becomes fully expanded. The moults occur, 

 mainly in June and July and the adults appear usually in 

 the latter part of July. Deposition of eggs occurs rather 

 early in the fall. A considerable part of the year is spent 

 in the egg stage. Injury is caused by pumping the sap and 



