SMOKE AND SMOKEES. 



395 



SMOKE AND SMOKERS. 



at a point tliat is most convenient for lifting 

 and shutting the cap. It works so easily 

 that it will not be necessary to bang or pound 

 the nozzle to open the smoker. The legs are 

 of skeleton sheet-metal stamping, with a pro- 

 jecting brace which is very strong and rigid. 

 They are riveted to the stove and bolted to 

 the bellows-board. No matter how rough 





DETAILS OF THE ROOT SMOKER. 



A.— Metal projection to aid the Angers in holding bellows 



B.— Coiled-wire handle. 



C— Hook on back of bellows. 



I).— Locked nuts 



E.— Stamped metal legs. 



F— Flexible hinge. 



the usage, these bolts and rivets will not let 

 go. The shield has been omitted, as it has 

 been learned by experience that the cylin- 

 der comprising the stove burns out under 

 the shield, destroying the actual life of the 

 metal itself. An anti- spark tube is situated 

 just below this grate, as shown, and of such 

 construction as to prevent the suction of 

 sparks into the bellows or out into the 

 air, setting fire to clothing. The bellows 

 itself is metal-bound (see A), a feature 

 which is greatly appreciated for several rea- 

 sons. It serves to increase the life of the 

 bellows, protecting the leather edges from 

 wear; prevents absolutely the warping of 

 the bellows-boards themselves, and the bind- 

 ing is of such construction that it forms a 

 very convenient hold to the bellows-boards 

 while the smoker is being operated. This 

 feature makes it possible to reduce the ten- 

 sion of the spring, permitting of a bellows 

 that will respond instantly with a good 

 strong blast, and yet the action is perfectly 

 easy. The hook, C, is for hanging the 

 smoker on a hive or carrying by the little 



finger when the hands are full of other stuff. 

 There are three sizes of these smokers, com- 

 prising stoves 4, 3i, and 2i inches. 



The objcet of tlie curved nozzle on all 

 three of the leading hot-blast smokers is to 

 prevent fire dropping. In the old - style 

 smokers it was necessary in blowing smoke 

 to tip tlie barrel almost upside down, or at 

 such an angle that fire -embers 

 would sometimes fall on the brood- 

 frames and the bees. The new 

 curved nozzle permits one to use 

 the smoker almost right side up, 

 and yet a stream of smoke can be 

 poured on the combs. 



COLD-BLAST SMOKERS. 



All the foregoing are of the hot- 

 blast type — that is, the blast is 

 forced through the fuel. Cold-blast 

 smokers are constructed somewhat 

 on the principle of an ejector; that 

 is, air is conducted directly from 

 the bellows by means of a tube, to a 

 point inside of the fire-box, ahead of 

 the fire, not through it ; the result 

 is a blast of cold air charged with 

 smoke. In other words, the blast of 

 air that is forced through the nozzle 

 sucks with it the smoke just back of 

 it, from the burning fuel. This prin- 

 ciple was invented almost simulta- 

 neously in 1879 by J. G. Corey, of 

 Santa Paula, Cal., and Norman 

 Clark, of Sterling, 111., each without the 

 knowledge of the other. Of the two smok- 

 ers, the Clark has the better construction. 



In later years Mr. F. Danzen baker adopt- 

 ed a combination of both hot and cold blast 



DANZENBAKER SMOKER. 



in the form of a vertical grate ; but, like the 

 cold blasts, it does not give as dense and 

 subduing smoke as the regidar hot bUibt 

 previously described. 



