INJURIOUS TO CARROT AND RELATED CROPS 191 



clusters of two to twelve, often overlapping. The eggs hatch 

 in twelve to fourteen days. Under greenhouse conditions, there 

 are from seven to eight generations annually ; in the open there 

 are said to be only four. 



The celery leaf-tyer has never been found causing serious 

 injury in the open and no methods of controlling it under such 

 conditions have been devised. 



References 



Buckler, Ent. Mo. Mag., 14, pp. 200-204. 1878. 

 Fletcher and Gibson, Can. Ent., 33, pp. 140-144. 1901. 

 Cornell Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 190, pp. 159-164. 1901. 



The Celery Looper 



Autographa falcigera Kirby 



Throughout the United States and southern Canada east of 

 the Rocky Mountains, celery, lettuce and sugar-beets are some- 

 times subject to the attack of a looping caterpillar. These 

 caterpillars hibernate in a partly grown condition and com- 

 plete their development in early spring. The full-grown larva 

 is 1^ inches in length, pale translucent green in color, and 

 marked with a median dark line, on each side of which are 

 three light lines. The stigmatal stripe is white bordered 

 above by a dark green stripe. The spiracles are white, dis- 

 tinctly ringed with black, a character by which it may be dis- 

 tinguished from the cabbage looper. The body becomes 

 gradually larger towards the posterior end, which is obliquely 

 truncate. Although these caterpillars are closely related to 

 the cutworms, they crawl with a peculiar looping motion owing 

 to the absence of prolegs on the third and fourth abdominal 

 segments. In Illinois the over-wintered caterpillars become 

 mature in late April and pupate in silken cocoons. The pupal 

 period occupies nine or ten days. 



