162 SANITARY ENTOMOLOGY 



burn or bury. Foreman and Graham-Smith have ably shown the value 

 of coal tar creosote oil as a deodorizer, preventive of decomposition, and 

 fl}' destroyer in carcasses. This subject is fully treated by Mr. Bishopp 

 in the chapter on myiasis (Chapter XIII). 



Miscellaneous breeding places 



Factory waste, rotting vegetable matter, the accumulation of debris 

 along shore lines, chicken yards, pig pens, alleys, streets which are not 

 swept, gutters, etc., furnish fly-breeding places (see Chapter XI). Mr. 

 Laake's able presentation of packing-house problems in another lecture 

 covers that subject sufficiently (see Chapter XXXIII). 



PALLIATIVE MEASURES 



In view of the fact that flies can come great distances, possibly even 

 over 50 miles as indicated by Ball at Rebecca Shoal, the sanitarian is not 

 always responsible for all the flies that visit the locality under his juris- 

 diction. There is therefore always the necessity of taking measures 

 against the flies themselves, although this is entirely secondary to the 

 prevention of breeding. 



Screening. — All foods must be protected from flies because many of 

 the flies which visit foods lay eggs therein. This is especially true of 

 meats which are attacked by blow flies, and cheeses which are attacked 

 by skippers. City markets should not expose meats for sale uncovered, as 

 the attraction to flies is too great. A well-screened hoUse will have the 

 least trouble from flies. In army camps anywhere in the United States 

 all sleeping quarters, kitchens, and mess halls should be well screened 

 against flies. All hotels throughout the country, especially in rural com- 

 munities, should be required to screen all windows and doors. 



The fl}^ situation around small country hotels is by far the most 

 repulsive that can ordinarily be found in any community. Very little, 

 if any, care is taken of the privies and the flies come directly from there 

 to the kitchen and dining rooms. 



Screening of garbage cans has been mentioned and is an admirable 

 procedure. A screened enclosure around privies and latrines would assist 

 in keeping flies away. 



Fly Traps. — Fly traps of many diff'erent designs have been devised. 

 The most efficient is the cone and cylinder type devised by Bishopp (fig. 

 35). The Hodge window trap is good. A small cone and cylinder trap 

 may be inserted in the lid of garbage cans (fig. 34). The principle of all 

 different traps is the attraction of the flies by a good bait, and the 

 arrangement of the trap so that once there the fly can not get away. At 



