DISEASES CARRIED BY FLEAS 355 



from canine kala azar, which suggests to some writers the insect origin 

 of that disease. Fantham, however, does not consider this organism 

 related to Leishmania. 



Leptomonas ctenophthalmi (Mackinnon) is described as a parasite 

 of Ctenophfhalmus agyrtcs. 



Leptomonas ctenopsyUae (Laveran and Franchini) occurs in the gut 

 of Ctenopsyllus musculi. 



Leptomonas debreuili (Brumpt) is a parasite in the squirrel flea. 



Leptomonas pattoni (Swingle) is a native to Ceratophyllus fasciatus, 

 C. lucifer, and Xenopsylla cheopis. According to Fantham and Porter 

 it has been found naturally in the blood of mice. Ingestion of feces of 

 fleas infected with this organism has caused death or disease in white 

 mice, according to Laveran and Franchini (1914). 



Mastigophora: Spirochaetacea: Spirochaetidae 



Spiroschaudinnia ctenocephali (Patton) has been described from 

 Ctenocephalus canis in India. 



Telosporidia: Gregarinida : Agrippinidae 



Agrippina bona Strickland occurs in the gut of the larvae of the rat 

 flea, Ceratophyllus fasciatus in England. 



Telosporidia: H aemogregarinida : Haemogregarinidae 



H aemogregarina (Hepatozoon) jaculi Balfour, the cause of 

 ANAEMIA of the jerboas, Jaculus gordoni and J. orientalis, is thought 

 to be carried by the flea Xenopsylla cheopis. Balfour noted large c^^sts 

 in A', cleopatrae which Christophers thinks possibly belong to this 

 species. 



Metazoa 



Platyhelmia: Cestoidea: Cyclophillidea: Taeniidae 



Dipylidium caniwum (Linnaeus), the DOG TAPEWORM, has for its 

 intermediate hosts the dog flea, Ctenocephalus canis (Curtis) Baker, the 

 cat flea, C canis felis (Bouche), and the human flea, Pulex irritans 

 Linnaeus. It may also be carried by the dog louse Trichodectes latus 

 {canis). Neumann, however, regards the fleas as most important. The 

 ripe proglottids which contain the eggs of the tapeworm, by their own 

 movement, pass through the host's anus and get into the fur where they 

 become partly dried and disintegrated and fall to the ground. Part of 



