LEPIDOPTERA. 289 



finally these spines become curved, turning backwards at their 

 points, and resemble horns. When fully grown, the caterpillar 

 measures h-oin four to five inches- in length, and about three quar- 

 ters of an inch in diameter. It is of a green color, and trans- 

 versely banded across each of the rings with pale blue ; there is a 

 large blue-black spot on each side of the third ring ; the head and 

 legs are orange-colored ; the ten long horn-like spines on the 

 forepart of the body are orange-colored, with the tips and the 

 points surrounding them black ; the other spines are short and 

 black. Notwithstanding the great size, formidable appearance, 

 and menacing motions of this insect, when handled it is perfectly 

 harmless, and unable to sting or wound with its frightful horns. 

 It lives solitary on walnut and hickory trees, the leaves of which 

 it eats ; crawls down and goes into the ground towards the end of 

 summer, and changes to a chrysalis without previously making a 

 cocoon. Unfortunately my caterpillars died before the time for 

 their transformation arrived ; and the chrysalis is known to me 

 only from the figure given by Mr. Abbot*, in which I cannot dis- 

 cover the transverse notched ridges or little teeth that are found 

 on the chrysalids of the other insects belonging to the same family, 

 and perhaps they do not exist on this one. The insect remains 

 in the ground through the winter, and the moth comes out in the 

 following summer, during the month of June, if I am rightly 

 informed. 1 have not been able to obtain one myself, and my 

 description of the moth was made from a very fine specimen be- 

 longing to a friend, who received it from New Bedford. 



Between the regal Ceratocampa and the smaller insects of this 

 family belonging to the new genus Dryocampa, should be placed a 

 noble moth, which partakes, in some respects, of the characters 

 of both ; its horned caterpillar, particularly while young, when its 

 horns are proportionally longer and more formidable in appear- 

 ance than afterwards, resembles somewhat that of the Cerato- 

 campa ; its chrysalis is exactly like that of a Dryocampa, and like 

 the latter also, in the winged state, its feelers are minute, its hind- 

 wings project beyond the front edges of the fore-wings when at 

 rest, and its style of coloring is the same. In my Catalogue of 



* " Insects of Georgia," p. 121, pi. 61. 

 37 



