INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 6/ 



Dr Schwarz states that this species is quite local in habitat and 

 apparently has a decided preference for shaded localities where the plants 

 grow on a decayed log, or where the soil is covered with a thick layer of 

 leaves. He believes that this species is largely subterranean in habit, since 

 it is rarely met with except in its food plant, and he has observed that the 

 beetles appear to be perfectly at home in the soil, digging through it with 

 astonishing rajjidity. All stages of this insect were met with !))• I)r Hop- 

 kins Aug. iS, in Wisconsin. 



Food plants. This insect was first discovered on sugar maple and later 

 found in considerable numbers in huckleberry roots, Gaylussacia 

 resinosa. Dr Schwarz states that he failed to find it in the two allied 

 species, \' a c c i n i u m s t a m i n e u m and V. c o r \- m b o s u m. Dr Hop- 

 kins further records numerous hazel, sassafras and species of dogwood at 

 Dells Wis., which had been killed or were dying from the attacks of this 

 timber beetle, and adds that he has met with specimens in living sassa- 

 fras saplings over 2 inches in diameter, near Morgantown, two annual 

 growths having been formed over the entrance, showing that this species 

 does not always kill its food plant. Dr Hopkins has also taken this 

 species in water beech, C a r p i n u s c a r o 1 i n i a n a and ironwood, O s t r y a 



\' i r g i n i c a. 



Bibliography 



1890 Packard, A. S. U. S. Rnt. Com. sth Rep't, p. 389-90 



Elm borer 



Sapcrda tridentata Olivier 



The unthrifty condition indicated hy dead limbs or by dying limbs and diseased or 



dying areas of bark on tlie trunk of American elms is the most frequent -sign of the 



presence of this insect. Most of the injury is caused by the white footless grul)s working 



under the bark. 



This beetle is sometimes as injurious to the beautiful white elm as the 

 sugar maple borer, PI agio not us speciosus Say, is to the sugar 

 maple, and in places where this elm pest has become well established even 

 greater damage may result from its attacks. This is probably due to the 



