76 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



spots or tubercles on its body, a brown head and thoracic shield and an anal 

 shield of nearly the same color. Short hairs grow from the tubercles and 

 are also found about the head and posterior extremity. The burrows in 

 the larger limbs and trunk may contain caterpillars over 3 inches long, 

 nearly white, and with larger, more distinct spots or tubercles than in the 

 earlier stages [pi. 4, fig. 4]. The beautiful white moths marked with blue 

 and black are well represented, the female, with wings, folded at 2 and the 

 male with them expanded at 3, on plate 4. The salmon colored eggs are 

 about the size of a common pin head and in captivity are deposited in a 

 large mass. This borer's work is shown on plates 28, 29. ' 



History and distribution in America. This insect is another of the bad 

 pests accidentally introduced within recent years. The earliest authentic 

 record of its presence in America is the brief note given by Jacol) Doll in 

 Papilio for I'^ebruary 1882, stating that he had taken a living example in a 

 spider's web the preceding June at Hoboken N. J. Its destructive work 

 was observed in 1884 by Dr K. B. Southwick in Central Park, New York 

 city. It was taken in 1887 at Newark N. J., and in 1889 at Arlington and 

 Orange N. J. Colonel Pike, in 1892, after describing the widespread rav- 

 ages of the insect in Brooklyn, reported it as present at Astoria, New 

 Rochelle, lamaica, New Lots and Flatbush, and at a later date stated that 

 the pest iiatl made its way to almost all parts of Long Island and had 

 extended into Connecticut. In 1894, l)r Soutliwick characterized this pest 

 as "one of the worst insects we have to contend with." Mr L. M. |outel of 

 New York informed me recently that this species was present at Kensico, 

 Westchester county, some 25 miles north of New York city. It appears to 

 be confined very largely to cities and villagi's and apparently tloes nf)t thrive 

 in the country. As this insect occurs in southern and central Lurope and 

 possil)ly in southern Sweden, we may expect the pest to make its way farther 

 north. On this account, the last American locality given has exceptional 

 interest, showing, as it does, that this borer is working northward. It is yet 

 early to state how fast the pest will s]jread. At present the rate appears to 

 be slow, but it will ccrtainl)' do no harm t(j keep on the watch for the appear- 



