INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 



199 



appearance of this scale insect from the \VashinL,rton sliade trees at the 

 close of 1879. The caterpillar is stated to not only ilestroy the old female 

 scale insects, but also the eggs and young larvae. A more important 

 species than the preceding, according to the experience of I)r Howard, is a 

 minute chalcid lly known as Coccophagus lecanii I'itch. I )r How- 

 ard states that the activity of this parasite in 1898 made it almost impos- 

 sible to carry the cottony maple scale through the season at Washington, 

 and that less than 1'^ attained maturit)-. His observations show that this 

 parasite develops very rapidly, the life cycle occupying not more than 2 or 

 3 weeks. This permits a very rapid increase in its numbers and adds mate- 

 rially to the value of the parasite. This little insect even gained access to 

 the breeding cages in the insectary at Washington ami threatened the 

 destruction of all the insects. 



Coccophagus fla- Q XTTTIXP^^ 



voscutellum Ashm. is a ^^^ V "^ 



more southern species than Im^^ \ 



the preceding, and according 

 to Ur Howard, is almost 

 equally. effective in the south- 

 ern portions of this insect's 

 habitat. A t r o p a t.e s c o 1 - 

 1 i n s I How., is another 

 imiKjrtant parasite of this 

 insect which was reared I:))' 

 Dr Howard from Brooklyn material. A single specimen of E u n o t u s 

 lividus Ashm. was also reared from material sent from Brookhn. 

 Two other parasites, A [) h y c 11 s p u 1 v I n a r i a e How., and C o m y s 

 fusca How., are known to live on this species. Ajihis lions or larvae 

 of lace-winged flies were observed by Dr Howard preying on the young of 

 this insect, and a species of harvest mite attacks the pest as stateil b)- 

 Miss Murtfeldt. 



Remedies. Brushing: with a stiff broom will dislodge many insects. 



