IXSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 257 



Small, brown or black beetles about ■ '5 inch in length, making longitudinal burrows 

 from which small, legless grubs excavate galleries at nearly right angles. The 

 beetles also work in the leaf i)etioles and on the young twigs, causing the wilting of 

 the foliage in midsummer 



Hickory bark borer, Scolytus q u ad r i s p i n o s u s, p. 275 

 Logs of black ash and dying trees are frequently seriously injured by borers making 

 numerous holes in the wood, also attacks elm and hit.kcjry 



Banded ash borer, N e o c 1 y t u s c a p r a e a, ]). 279 

 A white, flat headed grub makes very tortuous, interlacing burrows under chestnut and 



oak bark Two-lined chestnut borer, A g r i 1 u s b i 1 i n e a t u s, p. 280 



Oval swellings with 4 t(j ^ longitudinal scars occurring on the small limbs and stems of 



wild thorn Thorn limb borer, S a p e r d a f a y i, |>. 283 



A flattened, whitish, rather delicate grub about '4. inch in length, with a large, flattened 

 head, may be founii boring the inner bark of white and other birches 



Bronze birch borer, A g r i 1 u s a n x i u s, p. 2^4 

 Small, pinholelike perforations in elm, jiarticularly the diseased bark, may be the work of 

 a minute c vlindri( , dark brown beetle about 'Xo inch long 



Dark elm borer, H y 1 e s i n u s o p a c u 1 u s, ]). 288 

 A small, brownish, rather stout, cylindric beetle bores commonly in freshly cut ash 



Ash timber beetle, H y 1 e s i n u s a c u 1 e a t u s, p. 288 

 A minute, reddish brown, cylindric beetle about 3/3, inch in length, sinks small, cylindric 

 galleries in dead beech, spruce and other trees 



Apple wood stainer, M o n a r t h r \i m m a 1 i, p. 2S9 

 A light brown, nearly black, cylindric beetle about ^8 inch long, frequently enters the 



exposed wood of beech, oak and other trees X y 1 o t e r u s p o 1 i t u s, p. 292 



Similar species of about the same general appearance, boring in white, paper and yellow 



birch and poplar X y 1 o t e ru s (several species), p. 293 



A minute, slender, dark brown beetle about \/,b inch long, sometimes riddles the dead 

 inner bark of red oak 



Minute oak bark beetle, P i t y o p h t h o r u s m i n u t i s s 1 m u s, p. 295 

 Similar species working in dead black birch P i t y o ji h t h o r u s s|)., ]>. 296 



Spfiifs inuallv 'I'orkini^ in Si-asoicd li'inuf 

 Fine, white, dustlike borings and numerous minute holes in well dried hard woods 



Powder i)ost beetle, J. y <• t u s u n i p u n c I a t us, p. 296 

 Dried birch and ma])le wood is sometimes infested by a small, dark brown beetle about 3/,6 

 inch long, with bright, rufous antennae 



Small red horned borer, P t i 1 i n u s r u f i c o r n i s, ]). 298 



