Physiologie der Zellen, Gewebe und Organe. 135 



33?) Dinwiddie, ß. K., Studies on the Hematology of Normal and 

 Cholera Infected Hogs. In: Ark. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. No. 120, S. 21—41, 

 Oct. 1914. 



In the course of a somewhat prolonged study of the blood of pigs, normal 

 and cholera infected, certain peculiarities of the erythrocytes were observed, some 

 of which seem to have hitherto escaped Observation or to have passed unrecorded. 

 These are: The high susceptibility of these corpuscles (when examined in fresh 

 preparations) to throvv out from their margins processes from the cytoplasm in 

 the form of buds, filaments or strings of beads some of which become detached 

 and occur in the plasma as active bodies of various bizarre forms. These, in 

 part, form the plasma granules seen by darkfield illumination. This phenomenon 

 occurs in normal and infected blood. The occurrence within the red corpuscles 

 of motile bodies of a certain uniformity of shape often present in large numbers 

 in infected blood and dubiously referable to the phenomenon of endoglobular 

 degeneration of Maragliano and others. The uniform presence in the red cor- 

 puscles of pigs (after Romanowsky staining) of solitary coccus-like bodies, usually 

 excentric in position, occasionally marginal. These bear a close resemblance to 

 the figures of Theiler's anaplasma, the reputed cause of "gall sickness" of South 

 African cattle. They are also similar, in the author's opinion, to the Howell- 

 Jolly bodies of other writers. They seem to be a normal feature of the blood 

 of hogs and their increase in number in infected blood is associated with a coin- 

 cident anisocytosis and anemia. They are regarded as nuclear remnants. The 

 occurrence in Romanowsky stained films of infected blood of peculiar ring-shaped 

 bodies, which appear to be attached to the surface of the red corpuscles. These 

 are sometimes found in large numbers, though not constantly present, and their 

 nature and possible relation to hog cholera infection remains undetermined. Hog 

 cholera infection gives rise at an early stage to a pronounced leucopenia, with 

 the appearance of numerous a typical monoculear or transitional leucocytes. When 

 inflammatory complications occur a polymorph leucoytosis appears. The destruc- 

 tion of red corpuscles is not a prominent feature of the disease. Pearl. 



338) Lamsoii, G. H. and EdttiOlld, H. D., Carbon Dioxide in Incuba- 

 tion. In: Storrs Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. No. 76, S. 219-257, Mar. 1914. 



The following results on the investigation of carbon dioxide incubation are 

 reported: The amount of cai'bon dioxide in fresh air is about 3 parts in 

 10000 parts by volume. The amount of carbon dioxide found in the egg Chamber 

 of an incubator containing fertile eggs is dependent upon the following factors: 

 rate of Ventilation, number of embryos, period of incubation, size of egg Chamber, 

 temperature and carbon dioxide in the air of the incubator room (excluding the 

 possibility of lamp fumes from a defective heater). The chief source of carbon 

 dioxide in incubation is the embryo. Other minor sources are the eggshell, 

 hen, nest material, and room air. Carbon dioxide hicreases from the beginning 

 to the end of the period of incubation with this exception that the amount falls 

 slightly after the first and sixteenth days. After the third day the increase of 

 carbon dioxide is proportionate to the increase in weight of the developing 

 embryo. The amount of carbon dioxide under sitting hens at the beginning 

 of the period of incubation is much higher than for the room, and increases to 

 50 or 60 parts in 10000. In the commercial incubators tested, the amount of 

 carbon dioxide increases from au amount a little higher than room air to a total 

 of 30 to 50 parts in 10000. From this it appears that carbon dioxide is not a 

 limiting factor in commercial incubation. Ventilation is necessarv in incubation 



