140 Physiologie der Zellen, Gewebe und Organe. 



secretions of these animals are characteristic of the breeds. It is not correct, 

 however, that this characteristic is indicative of the ability of these animals to 

 secrete yellow milk fat under all conditions. The only indication of this is whether 

 the food contains an abundance of Carotin and xantophylls. The blood serum of 

 the newborn Jersey is free from Carotin and xanthophylls. The small amount 

 of fat in the body is tinted very faintly with these pigments. Pearl. 



349) Palmer, L. S. and Eckles, C. H., Carotin and Xanthophylls during 

 Digestion. In: Research Bull. No. 12, Missouri Agr. Expt. Sta., S. 441 — 446, 

 Apr. 1914. 



The authors find that during digestion Carotin is assimilated from the food 

 of the cow in preference to xanthophylls partly because of its greater stability 

 toward the juices of the digestive tract. Xanthophylls are much more soluble in 

 bile than Carotin, which probably accounts for their appearance in the fat of the 

 blood. It is probable that Carotin forms by far the greater part of the lipochromes 

 of the cow's body, chiefly on account of its ability to form a Compound with one 

 of the proteins of the blood. The xanthophylls, being of different composition, 

 probably are not capable of forming such a Compound. Pearl. 



350) Palmer, L. S. and Eckles, C. H., The Pigments of Human Milk Fat. 

 In: Research Bull. No. 12, Missouri Agr. Expt. Sta., S. 446—450, Apr. 1914. 



The fat of human milk may be tinted by Carotin and xanthophylls, the 

 pigments which characterize the fat of cows' milk. The relative proportion of 

 Carotin to xantophyll in human milk fat is much more nearly equal than in the 

 fat of cows' milk. The Colostrum fat of human milk is characterized by a very 

 high color as is the case with the fat of the Colostrum milk of cows. The pig- 

 ment of human body fat is no doubt identical with the pigment of human 

 milk fat. Pearl. 



351) Palmer, L. S. and Eckles, C. H., The Yellow Pigment of Blood 

 Serum. In: Research Bull. No. 12, Missouri Agr. Expt. Sta., S. 415 — 438, 

 April 1914. 



The following results are obtained from a study of the yellow pigment of 

 blood serum : The lipochrome of the blood serum of the cow is, like the lipochrome 

 of the milk fat, body fat, etc., of the same animal, composed principally of Ca- 

 rotin, the widespread hydrocarbon pigment of plants. Associated in small quan- 

 tity, with the Carotin of the serum, probably dissolved in the fat of the blood, 

 are one or more xanthophyll pigments, which are always found in more or less 

 variable quantities associated with the Carotin of plants. The Carotin and xan- 

 thophylls of the blood serum are derived from the food and furnish the normal 

 source of these pigments in the milk fat and body fat, etc. A Variation in the 

 quantity of these pigments in the food results in a corresponding Variation in 

 the amount found in the blood serum and milk fat. Body fat formed during this 

 time will be also affected. The Carotin is carried by the blood serum in com- 

 bination with an albumin. The combination is a very firm one. Lecithin and 

 cholesterol are probably a part of the combination. The name caroto-albumin is 

 proposed for this new chromo-protein of the blood. The caroto-albumin of the 

 blood serum of the cow is probably of importance in the formation of the milk 

 fat, body fat and corpus luteum of the cow. It is doubtful if this new pigmented 

 protein is of importance in the oxygen respiration of the body. The lactalbumin 

 of cows' milk may, among other factors, be related to the color of the milk fat. 

 There appears to be a special relation here in connection with the high color 

 and the high albumin content of Colostrum milk. Pearl. 



