Ellis: Hasemania, Hyphessobrycon, \\i> Hemigrammus. 157 



and downwards, especially in the region directly over the base of the 

 anal, where they are often more or less crowded. .1 small scale inter- 

 polated at the base of each anal ray. The first eleven to thirteen of these 

 interpolated scales larger, and extending upon the base ol the rays 

 so .i- to form a shorl anal sheath. Lateral line with pores on the 

 first six in nine scales. Origin of the dorsal equidistant from the snoul 

 and caudal; penultimate ray about one-third of the longesl which 

 is j. 33 3.67 in length. Caudal a little shorter than the head. Origin 

 of the anal on the vertical from the eighth dorsal ray. Anal of male 

 somewhat rounded, the last ray one-half the longest which is almost twice 

 the length of the eye. Anal armature developed as a scries of small 

 recurved hooks on each of the first fifteen to 1 wenty rays. Anal ol the 

 female emarginate, the longest ray [.67 in the base; the last rays much 

 shorter than in the males of equal size. Ventrals on the vertical from 

 the first or second scale in front of the dorsal, barely reaching the anal 

 in females, but prolonged to the base of the seventh to tenth anal rays in 

 males. Pectorals just reaching the ventrals. .1 vertically elongate 

 humeral spot, followed by a bright bar, and a second dusky bar ex- 

 tending almost entirely across the sides. Seven to twelve black Y-shaped 

 lines, thi' angle toward the head, along the very faint silvery lateral 

 stripe. No caudal spot. Fins all somewhat dusky, except along the 

 outside of the ventrals of the males and sometimes at the bases of 

 the caudal and anal in females. Scales of the back and upper half of 

 the sides outlined with dusky. The region over the anal with main- 

 large pale chromatophores. The very young specimens, sixteen to 

 twenty-four millimeters long, from Cacequey, had all the markings 

 very poorly developed, the chromatophores being more evenly dis- 

 tributed. 



9. Hyphessobrycon melanopleurus sp. now 



Plate III, fig. 2. 



Type, 34 mm. C. M. No. 3035. Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo 

 Cotypes, two specimens, 32 and 35 mm. C. M. No. 3036. Alto da Sen. 

 Paulo. 



Head 3.8; depth 3.2 to 3.5; D. 10 or n ; A. 26 to 28; scale- 

 7-30 to 36-5; eye ;> in the head; interorbital a little greater than the 

 eye, 2.5 in the head. Compressed; depth of head at the base oi the 

 occipital process 1.3 in the greatest depth. Preventral and predorsal 

 regions narrowly rounded, without complete series of median scales. 



