Ellis: Hasemania, Hyphessobrycon, and Hemigrammus. 1 <> l 



the longesl ray [.25 in the length of the base. Ventrals on the vertical 

 from the first scale in fronl ol the dorsal. Ventrals jusl reaching the 

 anal. Pectorals just, or no1 quite, reaching the venl rals. Mo humeral 

 spot. Caudal spot faint or lacking. A heavy leaden, lateral stripe, 

 often somewhal expanded near the end of the caudal peduncle, nar- 

 rowed in the region jusl below the dorsal. 1 )orsal and anal somewhal 

 dusky. A broad, black, marginal, or submarginal, band across the 

 caudal lobes. When this hand is submarginal, the middle caudal rays 

 also are black. The base of the caudal lobes hyaline, probably orange 

 or red in life. Scales of the back and sides above the lateral stripe 

 outlined with dusky. Sides below the lateral stripe with pale bluish 

 iridescence. 



n). Hemigrammus brevis sp. nov. 



Plate III. fig. 4. 



Type, 35 mm. C. M. No. 3068. Barreiras. Lagoas of Rio Grande. 



Cotypes, two specimens, 31 to 33 mm. C. M. No. 3069. Penedo, Rio Sao 

 Francisco. 



Cotypes, three specimens, 34 to 36 mm. C. M. No. 3070. Barreiras, Lagoas 

 of Rio Grande. 



Cotypes, thirty-three specimens, 20 to 27 mm. C. M. No. 3071. Boqueirao, 

 near the mouth of Rio Preto. 



Head 3.5; depth 2.6; D. II ; A. 20 to 22; scales 5-29 to 33-3 to 4. 

 Eye 2 to 2.3 in the head; interorbital less than the eye, 2.7 in the 

 head. Compressed ; depth of head at the base of the occipital process 

 about 1.6 in the greatest depth. Preventral and predorsal regions 

 rounded. Occipital process about 5 in the distance from its base to 

 the dorsal, bordered by two scales. Interorbital slightly convex. 

 Frontal fontanel triangular, as wide as the parietal, and almost equal 

 to the parietal without the occipital groove. Second suborbital in 

 contact with the prcoperclc. Mouth large, snout short, little more than 

 one-half the eye. Maxillary and mandible approximately equal to 

 each other and to the eye. Premaxillary with three to five tricuspid 

 teeth in the outer row; and five, rarely four, three- to five-pointed 

 teeth in the inner row. Maxillary with one to three three- to five- 

 pointed teeth. Dentary with a graduated series of five five-pointed 

 teeth, followed by a series of seven to eleven minute tricuspid and 

 conical teeth on the sides. Gill-rakers 10 + 9 with five minute spines 

 behind the last two on the shorter limb. Caudal scaled over the 

 basal one-half. Anal sheath short, composed of five scales covering 



