The Fresh Water Fishes of the Island of Formosa. 247 



Bleeker, Mem. Cyprin, Chine, 1871, p. 85; Yang-tze-kiang. — Gunther, 

 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Sept., 1873, P- 249; China. — Peters, Monatsb. 

 Ak. Berlin, 1880, p. 926. — Sauvage, Bull. Soc. Philom., 1881, p. 7; Swatow. 

 — Gunther, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), IV, 1889, p. 228; Yang-tze-kiang. — 

 RUTTER, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad., 1897, p. 60; Swatow. 



Head 2.8 in length: depth 3.28; D. 3, 7; A. 3, ii; P. I, 19; V. I, 7; 

 width of head 1.76 in its length; eye 7.75 in head; interorbital space 

 2.11; snout 2.5; pectoral 1.28; ventral 1.83; one hundreJ and fifteen 

 scales in the lateral line, twenty-five scales in an oblique series 

 between origin of dorsal and lateral line, twenty-five scales between 

 the latter and the middle of belly, seventeen scales between lateral 

 line and root of ventral; pharyngeal teeth 4-4. 



Body compressed, rather high in front; abdomen rounded, post- 

 ventral part with a keel; head large, postoperculum with radiated 

 striae; snout rather short, broad, obtusely rounded anteriorly; mouth 

 oblique, anterior, its angle reaching below the center of eye; lower 

 jaw more or less protruding; middle part of the upper lip thick; eye 

 inferior, much anterior; nostrils close together, superior, in front of 

 eye above; gill-openings very large, with broad gill-membranes which 

 are united on the throat and not attached to isthmus; pharyngeal 

 teeth very high, strongly compressed laterally, inner surface with a 

 large oval concavity; gill-rakers slender and long, set very closely, 

 with many membranous septa. 



Origin of dorsal nearer to base of caudal than tip of snout, rather 

 short, anterior ray the longest, the depressed tip of the ray reaching 

 beyond the others; pectoral large, reaching beyond the root of ventral, 

 armed with a smooth osseous ray; ventral slender, the tip reaching 

 vent, its origin in advance of that of the dorsal; anal fin entirely behind 

 the dorsal, triangular, external margin more or less concave, inserted 

 nearer origin of ventral than base of caudal; caudal fin deeply emar- 

 ginate, tip of each lobe pointed; caudal peduncle elongate, its depth 3 

 in the length of head. 



Body covered with small cycloid scales; lateral line strongly de- 

 curved in front; extending along the middle of the tail. 



Color in formalin grayish above, paler below; sides and lower parts 

 silvery; dorsal, anal, and caudal fins grayish, speckled with minute 

 black spots; lower surface of pectorals and ventrals white, upper 

 surface grayish and finely spotted with black. 



Total length 455 mm. 



