274 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



to Polynesia; India; Ceylon; Philippine Islands; Indo-China; China; 

 Formosa; Japan; Riukiu Islands. 



56. Liza troscheli (Bleeker). 



1858. Mugil troscheli Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind., XVI, p. 277. — Act. 

 Soc. Sc. Indo-Neerl., VIII, i860, p. 80; Sumatra. — Gunther, Cat. Fish., 

 Ill, 1861, p. 448; Coast of Java, Borneo, and Ceylon. — Day, Fish. Brit. 

 India, 1878, p. 358; Indian Sea to Malay Archipelago. — Rutter, Proc. 

 Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad., 1897, p. 70; Swatow. 



1903. Liza troscheli Jordan & Evermann, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXV, p. 332; 

 Hokoto, Formosa. — Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., XXVI, 1906, 

 p. 11; Cavite, P. I. — Jordan & Richardson, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., XXVII 

 1908, p. 244; Iloilo. — ^Smith & Seale, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XIX, 1906, 

 p. 76; Mindanao. — Seale & Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXXIII, 1907, 

 p. 240; Zamboanga. — Jordan & Richardson, Mem. Carneg. Mus., IV, 

 No. 4, 1909, p. 176; Takao; Hokoto. — Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 XXXII, 1912, p. 495; Okinawa. — Jordan & St.a.rks, Ann. Carneg. Mus., 

 XI, Nos. 3 and 4, 1917, p. 439; Ceylon. 



Head 4.3 in length; depth 4; D. lY, 2, 7; A. Ill, 9; P. 14; V. I, 5; 

 width of head 1.46 in its length; eye 4 in head; interorbital space 2.28; 

 snout 3.64; pectoral 1.31; ventral 1.42; thirty-one scales in lateral 

 series, eleven scales in an oblique series between origin of dorsal and 

 the middle of belly, nine scales between origins of dorsal and ventral. 



Body robust, compressed posteriorly, the ventral profile much more 

 curved than the dorsal, deepest in front of the vent; head rather small, 

 top slightly conve.x; snout nearly as long as the diameter of eye, 

 obtusely rounded anteriorly; mouth subinferior, its cleft one-third as 

 deep as the distance between the angles of mouth; upper lip thick, 

 no lower lip; lower jaw slightly shorter than the upper, angle between 

 two mandibulary bones obtuse, outer edge of mandible thin and sharp; 

 upper jaw with no teeth, lower jaw with a series of minute fleshy 

 tubercles along the inner margin; pre-orbital edge more or less wavy, 

 lower part indistinctly denticulated; eyes moderate, anterior, adipose 

 eyelid not well developed; nostrils separated, the anterior in a very 

 short tube, the posterior slit-like. 



Dorsal fins well separated; origin of the spinous dorsal nearer to 

 base of caudal than tip of snout, as high as the soft dorsal, length of 

 the first spine shorter than the width of head; soft dorsal inserted 

 behind the origin of anal, eleventh and twentieth scales of lateral 

 series below the origins of the dorsals; pectorals a little above the middle 

 of body, reaching eighth scale of lateral series; the \entral inserted mid- 



